Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Bacteriostatic antibiotics? |
CCrESTT
Chloramphenicol Clindamycin Erythromycin Sulfonamides Tetracyclines Trimethoprim |
|
|
Bactericidal antibiotics? |
All the others that aren't in CCrESTT (chloramphenicol, clinda, erythro, sulfonamides, TCN, trimethoprim)
so:
Aminoglycosides Bacitracin Carbapenem Monobactams PCN Polymyxin B Quinolones Vancomycin |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Azelaic Acid |
Dicarboxylic acid for Acne/Rosacea
MOA unknown
ASE- MC xerosis and peeling, irritant, stinging
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Benzoyl peroxide |
Acne/Rosacea
MOA- oxidation of bacterial proteins by ROS which are released when drug is decomposed by cysteine in skin
ASE- bleaching, irritation, erythema
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Clindamycin (topical) |
Acne/Rosacea
MOA- binds to 50s subunit --> suppresses protein synthesis
ASE- GN folliculitis, pseudomembranous colitis
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Erythromycin (topical) |
Acne/Rosacea
MOA- binds to 50s subunit --> suppresses protein synthesis
ASE- GN folliculitis
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Sodium Sulfacetamide (topical) |
Acne/Rosacea
MOA- inhibits bacterial synthesis of folic acid by preventing condensation of pteridine precursor with PABA by inhibition of dihydropteroate synthetase
ASE- xerosis, pruritis, X reaction is allergic to PO
Pregnancy- C (kernicterus) |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Metronidazole |
Acne/Rosacea
MOA- uknown
ASE- carcinogenic?, metallic taste, nausea, parasthesias
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Dapsone |
Acne
MOA- inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase
ASE- dryness, drop in Hb if G6PD deficient, yellow-orange staining of skin with BP use
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
What antibiotic agents inhibit dihydropteroate synthetase? |
Sulfonamides, dapsone |
|
|
What antibiotic agents inhibit dihydrofolate reductase? |
Trimethoprim, MTX |
|
|
Duac = |
Duac= BP and clindamycin |
|
|
Epiduo= |
Epiduo= BP and adapalene |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Mupriocin |
Bacteriostatic (cidal at high concentrations) by inhibition of protein synthesis by reversibley binding to bacterial isoleucyl transfer RNA synthetase, staph , strep
ASE- burning, stinging, HA, Nausea
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Neomycin |
superficial bacterial infections (staph, e coli, h flu, proteus)
MOA- aminoglycoside, 30S subunit
ASE- ACD in 5-15% of patients, irreversible ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Gentamycin (topical) |
Bactericidal to strep, staph
MOA- aminoglycoside, 30s subunit
ASE- photosensitive, ototoxicity
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Bacitracin |
active against G+ staph and strep
MOA- forms complex with C55 phenol pyrophosphate impeding bacterial cell wall synthesis
ASE- irritant and allergic contact dermatitis
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Polymyxin B |
Rapidly bactericidal for G- organisms only
MOA- increases cellular permeability by interacting with phospholipids
ASE- contact sensitization, mast cell degranulation
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
What are the direct mast cell degranulators? |
MC HAMmER PALS
Morphine Codeine Heat ASA/NSAIDS Muscler relaxers EtOH Radiocontrast dye Polymyxin B Anticholinergics Lidocaine Systemic anesthetics |
|
|
SE to be aware of when using Mafenide acetate and silver sulfadiazine in burn patients? |
both can cause bone marrow suppression |
|
|
Antibiotics that inhibit 30s? |
AT!
Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines |
|
|
Antibiotics that inhibit 50s? |
Chloramphenicol Clindamycin Macrolides |
|
|
Systemic antibiotics that inhibit the cell wall? |
PCN cephalosporins carbapenems monobactams vancomycin B lactamase inhibitors |
|
|
Antibacterial that inhibits DNA gyrase? |
quinolones |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Penicillin |
Indicated for basically everything except MRSA
MOA- B lactam that blocks transpeptidase cross linking of peptidoglycan chains, so inhibits wall synthesis
ASE- hypersensitivity
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Cephalosporins |
as you go up the generations, extended spectrum for G-
MOA- B lactam that binds to penicillin binding proteins and interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis
ASE- morbilliform eruptions, anaphylaxis, cefaclor can cause serum sickness
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Which cephalosporin can cause serum sickness? |
cefaclor |
|
|
MOA of sulfonamides? |
Dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor!!!
(remember dapsone inhibits this too) |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Sulfonamides |
Indications: G+, G-
MOA: bacteriostatic, dihydropteroate synthetase inhibitor
ASE- contraindicated in 3rd trimester (kernicterus), CI in porphyrias, AGEP, sweets, SJS/TEN
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Macrolides |
Indications- G+, G-
MOA: bacteriostatic 50s subunit
ASE- NV
Pregnancy- B (azithromycin, erythromycin), C (clarithromycin)
Erythromycin estolate is CI d/t risk of cholestatic hepatitis |
|
|
Interactions with Macrolides? |
many!!!!
it is a CYP3A4 inhibitor --> risk of torsades de pointes when used with grepafloxacin, sparfloxacin, cisapride, increase lelvesl and toxicity of anticonvulsants, benxos, warfarin
it inhibits CYP1A2 --> increases theophylline, leading to cardiac arrhythmias
may increase digoxin |
|
|
Which is the only macrolide contraindicated in pregnancy? |
Erythromycin estolate (risk of cholestatic hepatitis!) |
|
|
Which are the most phototoxic of the tetracyclines? |
demeclocycline, doxycycline |
|
|
Which tetracycline is NOT phototoxic? |
minocycline |
|
|
Which tetracycline can cause photo-onycholysis? |
tetracycline |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
tetracyclines |
MOA- bacteriostatic by binding to the 30s subunit
ASE- avoid in under 8 years old (teeth and bones)
Pregnancy- D |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Clindamycin |
indications- anaerobes
MOA- 50s subunit
ASE- pseudomembranous colitis
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Quinolones |
Active against G- aerobes, staph and strep (not anaerobes)
MOA- DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II)
ASE- contraindicated in patients with prolonged QT or hypokalemia, not used in kids d/t arthropathy and tendinopathy
Pregnancy- C |
|
|
Indications? MOA? ASE? Pregnancy category?
Metronidazole |
MOA- unknown, probably DNA strand breaking
ASE- GI disturbances, metallic taste
Pregnancy- B |
|
|
MOA of Rifampin? |
inhibits bacterial DNA dependent RNA synthesis by inhibiting bacterial DNA dependent RNA polymerase |
