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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Three Parts of Lipopolysaccharides
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1) Lipid A
2) Core polysaccharide 3) O side chain - can be changed rapidly |
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Sec-Dependent System
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Protein has signal peptide at N-terminal end. As synthesized, chaperones bind to protein and help it reach translocon. Transfered to SecA and protein released with GTP hydrolysis
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ABC Transporter
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Involved in secretion of toxins, proteases, etc. Usually contain C-terminal secretion signals. ATP hydrolysis drives translocation. Protein moves through a channel formed by hydrophobic domains.
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Type III Protein Secretion
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Used by gram-negative pathogens. Contact between bacteria and host cell stimulates process. Uses a needle - rigid tube attached to elaborate series of protein rings. Tube can stick through other cells. ATP dependent.
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Fimbriae
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Short, fine hairlike appendages not involved in motility. Help to attach the bacteria to solid surfaces. May be involved in twitching.
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Pili
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Similar to fimbriae - required for mating.
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Flagellar Placement
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Monotrichous (one end), lophotrichous (many on one end), peritrichous (all over), amphitrichous (one at each end)
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Mot A and Mot B
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Form a proton channel through the plasma membrane, involved in flagellar motion.
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Chemoreceptors
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Exist in localized patches to make integrated pathways so the bacteria can make decisions about which nutrient to move towards.
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ABC Transporter - Uptake
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Solute binding protein binds substrate, attaches to transporter and releases substrate, which is moved across membrane with ATP hydrolysis.
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Group translocation
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Molecule transported into the cell while being chemically altered. Example PTS using the IIC protein. Glucose is transported into the cell by this method, and is phosphorylated in the process, which is the first step in glycolysis.
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Chemostat
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Designed so sterile medium is fed into vessel at same rate as media containing microorganisms is removed. Growth rate determined by rate at which new medium is added.
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