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12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Three Parts of Lipopolysaccharides
1) Lipid A
2) Core polysaccharide
3) O side chain - can be changed rapidly
Sec-Dependent System
Protein has signal peptide at N-terminal end. As synthesized, chaperones bind to protein and help it reach translocon. Transfered to SecA and protein released with GTP hydrolysis
ABC Transporter
Involved in secretion of toxins, proteases, etc. Usually contain C-terminal secretion signals. ATP hydrolysis drives translocation. Protein moves through a channel formed by hydrophobic domains.
Type III Protein Secretion
Used by gram-negative pathogens. Contact between bacteria and host cell stimulates process. Uses a needle - rigid tube attached to elaborate series of protein rings. Tube can stick through other cells. ATP dependent.
Fimbriae
Short, fine hairlike appendages not involved in motility. Help to attach the bacteria to solid surfaces. May be involved in twitching.
Pili
Similar to fimbriae - required for mating.
Flagellar Placement
Monotrichous (one end), lophotrichous (many on one end), peritrichous (all over), amphitrichous (one at each end)
Mot A and Mot B
Form a proton channel through the plasma membrane, involved in flagellar motion.
Chemoreceptors
Exist in localized patches to make integrated pathways so the bacteria can make decisions about which nutrient to move towards.
ABC Transporter - Uptake
Solute binding protein binds substrate, attaches to transporter and releases substrate, which is moved across membrane with ATP hydrolysis.
Group translocation
Molecule transported into the cell while being chemically altered. Example PTS using the IIC protein. Glucose is transported into the cell by this method, and is phosphorylated in the process, which is the first step in glycolysis.
Chemostat
Designed so sterile medium is fed into vessel at same rate as media containing microorganisms is removed. Growth rate determined by rate at which new medium is added.