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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 subunits of 70S ribsome |
7S, 16S, 23S and protein |
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How many membranes does a Gram positive bacteria have |
1 - stains purple - thick peptidoglycan |
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What are prokaryotes? |
- Small 1-10 um - Ubiquitous - Persistent - Diverse - No nucleur membrane - No membrane bound organelles - No microtubules - Binary fission - 70S ribosome - Single circular chromosome - No sexual reproduction |
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Process of binary fission |
1. Chromosomal dublication 2. Cell growth - septum 4. Cells separate |
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3 methods of DNA transfer |
1. Conjugation 2. Tranformation 3. Transduction |
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How do humans exploit bacteria |
1. Waste water treatment 2. Biowarfare 3. Biremediation |
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Gram negative structure |
2 membranes, periplasmic space, thin peptidoglycan |
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Criteria of DNA for classifcation |
1. No lateral transfer 2. Varied 3. Not too varied |
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PCR sequence temperatures |
95 45 72 |
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What do we use for classification (gold standard) |
16S |
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What is a chronometer |
A phylogenetic marker; a highly conserved protein (e.g. ubiquitin) or nucleic acid (e.g an rRNA) whose rate of mutation is constant, and which can therefore be used to construct phylogenetic trees. |
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What makes up the capsule? |
Glycocalyx |
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Sub-unit of flagella called |
Flagellin |
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Flagella assembly process |
1. Base forms in cytoplasmic membrane 2. Other proteins self-assemble in a well defined order 3. Axial component proteins synthesized in cytoplasm and passed down central channel to distal end |
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3 flagella distributions |
Petrichous, lophotrochous, polar |
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Size order of pili, fimbria and flagella |
Fimbria, Pili, Flagella |
