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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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name 4 exotoxins that aid in the spreas of bacteria
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hyaluronidase
DNAse Streptokinase Collagenase and elastase |
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What are the three exotoxins that lyse host cells?
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Lecithinase (phospholipase C)
Staph alpha toxin Strept Streptolysins |
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cholera toxin is an A-B toxin. How do these toxins affect host cells?
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they block or alter protein function/synthesis/ or expression. The A portion actually does the damage while the B portion binds the toxin to the cell
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Are transition bacteria motile?
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nope
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What causes lumpy jaw in cattle?
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Actinomyces bovis
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What causes canine pulmonary actinomycosis?
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Actinomyces viscosus
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What distinguishes Nocardia from mycobacteria?
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the presence of mycelial elements
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What is the principle species of Nocardia that is pathogenically important?
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Nocardia asteroides
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What are the two ways the Nocardia infections arise?
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Inhalation resulting in the pulmonary form of the disease
Contamination of skin wounds resulting in subcutaneous abcesses |
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Is Nocardia a commensal of animals?
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No it is found in the soil
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What are the two main conditions the N. asteroides causes?
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acute or chronic bovine mastitis
pulmonary canine nocardiosis |
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What causes Lumpy wool and strawberry foot rot in sheep?
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Dermatophilus congolensis
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What is Dermatophilosis characterized by?
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exudative dermatitis with scab formation
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the zoospores of D. congulensis must overcome protective barriers of the skin. What factors can help this happen?
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prolonged wetting by rain
high humidity high temp parasites |
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Is is likely for reinfection of D. congolensis to recur?
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no
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Name 5 antibiotics that are derived from Streptomyces species?
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Erythromycin
Streptomycin tetracycline Amphotericin B Nystatin |
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What are the only 2 obligate intracellular bacteria?
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Rickettsia and Chlamydia
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What are the hallmark signs of acute Richettsia infection?
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fever
rash intractable headache |
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what is the only Rickettsiaciae Organism that does not require a vector for transmission?
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Coxiella burnettii
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What causes Canine Salmon Poisoning?
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Neorikettsia helminthoeca
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What cells are infected in Canine ehrlichosis?
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blood monocytes
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What causes Potomac Horse Fever?
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Ehrlichia risticii
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What are the signs for potomac horse fever?
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anorexia
fear depression leukopenia explosive diarrhea dehydration terminal shock |
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Which Chlamydia species is resistant to sulfonamides?
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C. psittaci
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Which Chlamydia species is insensitive to penicillin?
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C. trachomatis
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What are the two lifecycle forms fo Chlamydia?
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Elementary and reticulate bodies
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What are the three areas of the body that Chlamydia likes to set up in?
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urogential
ocular respiratory |
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What serotypes of C. trachomatis are responsible for genital infections and inclusion conjuctivitis?
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Ba and D-K
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C.psittaci mainly affects what animals?
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birds (parrots)
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How do you treat and prevent C.psittaci infections in birds?
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feeding chlortetracycline
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The establisment of infection of anerobic bacteria is not usually related to virulence but to what?
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Eh of the suceptible tissue
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What organism causes black leg?
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Clostridium chauvoei
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What does Clostridium septicum cause?
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malignant Edema
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What causes red water disease?
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Clostridium haemolyticum
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What is associated with the growth of C haemolyticum in red water disease in cattle?
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A primary infection with liver flukes
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There are tw types of Clostridium novyi what are they and what do they cause?
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Type A- gas gangrene, big head
Type B- Black disease |
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What causes ulcerative enteritis or Quail Disease?
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Clostridium colinum
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What causes iota enterotoxemia in rabbits and lab rodents?
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Clostridium spiroforme
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What is the most common cause of necrotizing myositis in horses following wounds or injection sites?
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C. perfringens
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All strains of C. perfringens produce which toxin?
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Alpha toxin
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Which type of C. perfringens causes Yellow Lamb Disease?
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Type A
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Which type of C. Perfringens causes Lamb dysentery?
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type B
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What does Type D C. perfringens cause in sheep?
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Pulpy Kidney Disease or Overeating disease
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What are the three toxins produced by C. tetani?
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tetanolysin
tetanospasmin non-spasminogen |
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What is the only Fusobacterium that regularly causes disease in animals?
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F. necrophorum
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What is the principle cause of bull nose in pigs after ringing?
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Fusobacterium necrophorum
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This is an obligate parasite of the hooves of sheep, goats, and cattle and the primary cause of contageous foot rot in sheep.
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Bacteriodes nodosus
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What are the virulence factors for Bacteroides fragilis?
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polysaccharide capsule
multiple antibiotic resistance enterotoxin |
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This is an obligate parasite of bovine genitalia
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Campylobacter fetus--- venerealis
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What causes porcine proliferative Enteritis?
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Lawsonia intracellularis
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What is Helicobacter pylori thought to be responsible for?
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gastric ulcers
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What is alginate?
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A polysaccharide coating produces by Pseudomonas aeuroginosa
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In sheep this causes Green Wool or Fleece Rot.
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P. aeruginosa
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What causes Glanders?
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P. mallei
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Waht are the virulence factors of Moraxella bovis?
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pili
beta hemolysin protease |
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What is the most common form of mastitis?
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subclinical form
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When is the treatment of subclinical mastitis performed?
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during the dry period
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How many identical colonies must be cultured from 0.1 ml of milk for the findings to be significant?
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5
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What is the substrate for Lecithinase?
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phosphatidylcholine
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colonies of this organism often develop a yellow-orange pigment
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Nocardia
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Gross lesions of this disease are bloody and often referred to as " tomato soup".
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canine pulmonary nocardiosis
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What does Francisella need to grow in culture?
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cystiene or cystine
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what is the principle resevoir for Francisella?
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small wild mammals
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What is the leading cause of abortion and sterility in domesticated livestock?
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Brucella
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What causes wooden tongue?
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Actinobacillus lignieresii
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Which organisms grow best on chocolate agar?
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Hemophilus
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What species of Strept derives erythromycin, and what chemical class is it?
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S. erythreus, macrolide
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What species of Strept yeilds streptomycin, and what class is it?
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S. griseus, aminoglycoside
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What species of Strept yields tetracycline?
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S. aureofaciens
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What species of Strept yields amphotericin B and what class is it?
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S. nodosus, Polyenes
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What species of Strept yields nystatin, and what class is it?
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S. nouressi, polyene
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