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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gram (+) cocci
Catalase (+) Coagulase (+) |
S. aureus
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Gram (+) cocci
Catalase (+) Coagulase (-) How do you differentiate between S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus? |
Novobiocin sensitivity testing
S. epidermidis -> novobiocin sensitive S. saprophyticus -> novobiocin resistent |
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Gram (+) cocci
Catalase (-) How will the bacteria group on a gram stain? |
The bacteria are Streptococci so they will appear in chains, as opposed to catalase (-) -> Staphylococci -> clusters.
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Gram (+) cocci
Catalase (-) Partial hemolysis Optichin resistant What health problems can these bacteria cause? |
These are the viridans group streptococci. They are normal mouth flora that cause dental caries (S. mutans) and can cause subacute endocarditis (S. sanguis)
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Gram (+) cocci
Catalase (-) B hemolysis (complete hemolysis) What test is used to differentiate S. pyogenes from Group B strep? |
Bacitracin sensitivity testing:
Sensitive = S. pyogenes resistant = Group B Strep |
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What 3 bacteria produce pigments, and what color are each?
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S. aureus - yellow/gold
Pseudomonas - blue-green Serratia marcescens - red |
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Gram (-) cocci
Maltose fermenter |
N. meninitidis (meningococci)
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Gram (-) cocci
Maltose non-fermenter What media is used to isolate this bacteria? |
N. gonorrhoeae (gonococci) are grown on Thayer-Martin media, which contains V-C-N (antibiotic combination that inhibits growth of G+, G-, and fungi)
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Gram (-) rod
Fast Lactose fermenter How are lactose fermenting bacteria identified? What bacteria might this be if it was isolated from the "red current jelly" sputum of an alcoholic? |
Lactose fermenters form pink colonies on MacConkey agar. Klebsiella and E. Coli are the two most important fast lactose fermenters, and it is Klebsiella that is associated with aspiration pneumonia and lung abscesses in alcoholics and diabetics (as well as nosocomial UTIs)
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Gram (-) rod
Lactose non-fermenting Oxidase (+) |
Pseudomonas
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Gram (-) rod
Lactose non-fermenting Oxidase (-) non-motile What is the primary manifestation of infection with this organism? |
Cramping and bloody diarrhea, i.e. dysentary (Shigella)
very virulent organism (as few as 10 bacteria can cause illness vs 100,000 for Salmonella) |
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Gram (-) rod
Lactose non-fermenting Oxidase (-) motile This bacteria was recovered from a patient suffering bloody diarrhea following food poisoning. What type of food was most likely the source of the organism? |
Poultry, eggs, or meat are the most common sources of Salmonella food poisoning
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Gram (-) "coccoid" rod
Grows on chocolate agar and as satellite colonies to B hemolytic bacteria. What does the childhood vaccine against this bacteria contain? |
The vaccine against Haemophilus (or more specifically, type B) contains type B capsular polysaccharides conjugated to diphtheria toxoid or other protein.
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Gram (-) rod
Lactose non-fermenting Oxidase (-) "swarming" motility This bacteria was cultured from a hospital in-patient who had developed a UTI. What is it, and what additional problem is associated with UTI by this organism? |
Proteus mirabilis, which produces urease which alkalizes the urine and can lead to the formation of struvite stones
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Gram (+) rod
B hemolytic tumbling motility What is the primary disease caused by this organism? |
Listeria causes meningitis in neonates
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Gram (-) "coccoid" rod
Grows on Bordet-Gengou medium What disease does this bacteria cause? |
The bacteria is B. pertussis, the cause of Whooping Cough.
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Visualized by silver stain or direct immunofluorescent staining of sputum
Grown on charcoal yeast extract with increased iron and cysteine How is the pneumonia associated with this disease transmitted? |
Legionnaire's disease (Legionella pneumophila) is associated with aerosol transmission from an environmental water source habitat.
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A 6 year old child with an incomplete immunization record presents with malaise, fever, and sore throat with a gray pseudomembrane over the tonsils and pharynx.
What media are used to confirm the presence of this organism? |
Growth on Tellurite plate or Loffler's medium are used to confirm the presence of C. diphtheriae
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A recent immigrant from Central America presents with fever, night sweats, weight loss, and hemoptysis. Acid-fast bacteria are seen on examination of the sputum. What media would you use to culture the responsible organism?
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria that can cause TB-like symptoms are cultured on Lowenstein-Jensen agar (contains Malachite green, which inhibits the growth of other microorganisms)
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