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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why are some bacteria found in moist environments? |
They have a flagella (whip like, tail like structure) and cilia (hair like feature) used for swimming and moving around |
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Where is bacteria found? |
air, water, soil and inside other organisms |
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Can bacteria stand extreme conditions without creating a protective spore layer? |
Yes, only some |
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What do bacteria that feed on dead organisms cause? |
decay |
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What do bacteria live in living organisms cause? |
disease |
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Are Bacteria Prokaryotic or Eukaryotic Cells? |
Prokaryotic; no distinct nucleus or organelles |
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How big is the typical bacterium? |
One thousandth of a millimeter; one micrometre 1um |
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Can bacteria be seen with the naked eye? |
no |
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Bacteria are small and have a large surface area to volume ratio which means they can do what? |
They can undergo gas-exchange and excretion by diffusion |
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Are bacteria unicellular or multi cellular organisms? |
unicellular (single celled) |
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Are bacteria cell simpler or more complex than those of other organisms? |
simpler |
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do Bacteria have a cell wall or a cell membrane? |
both |
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What are bacteria sometimes surrounded by for extra protection and to prevent them drying out? |
A Slimy Capsule |
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What are the conditions for growth? |
constant moisture warmth - 37 degrees Celsius - recommended in an incubator for culture development nutrients (energy source) shelter oxygen neutral pH level |
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Bacteria can be grown using what 2 mediums? |
A solid nutrient medium - agar on a perti dish a liquid culture medium - conical flask |
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What does a solid nutrient medium consist of? |
A jelly substance made from seaweed and other various food substances called Agar (ideal nutrient medium) Usually placed in a shallow petri dish which is sterilised to prevent unvanted microbe growth |
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What does a liquid culture medium consist of? |
dissolved nutrient medium in liquid in a conical flask |
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Why would a liquid culture medium be used? |
For bacteria that prefer more watery environment (will have a flagella and/or cilia) |
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What is a colony? |
consists of thousands of bacteria clumped together |
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what does a colony look like? |
a clump of colour or size as the individual unicellular organisms are too small to see, will vary in size, colour and shape depending on the bacteria present |
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Is bacteria good at surviving in bad conditions such as drought and heat and lack of nutrients? |
yes. |
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How do bacteria survive bad conditions such as drought or heat or lack of nutrients? |
They form a thick protective coat around themselves called a spore. They become dormant in the spore - no reproduction, not much food, like hibernation |
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What happens when there are good conditions for bacteria to live in but it is in a spore? |
The spore bursts open and the bacteria cell is released. This is called germination. It then returns to normal life. |
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What is germination? |
When a bacteria cell breaks out of its spore in improved conditions |
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how long can a bacteria cell survive in a spore? |
50 years |
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What is another name for the Sphere shaped bacteria? |
Coccus |
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What is another name for the rod shaped bacteria? |
Bacillus |
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What is another name for the bent rod shaped bacteria? |
Vibrio |
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What is another name for the spiral shaped bacteria? |
Sprillum |
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What is another name for the pair of bacteria? |
Diplococcus |
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What is another name for the chain of bacteria? |
Stereptococcus |
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What is another name for the clump of bacteria? |
Staphylococcus |
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What is the coccus responsible for? |
Sore throats |
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What is the bacillus responsible for? |
typhoid |
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What is the vibrio responsible for? |
cholera |
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What is the sprillum responsible for? |
syphilis |
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What is the diplococcus responsible for? |
pneumonia |
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What is the stereptococcus responsible for? |
sore throats |
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What is the staphylococcus responsible for? |
boils |
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What are the advantages of being small as a bacteria call? |
can reproduce quickly cannot be detected easily by humans which makes eradication difficult |
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what is in the middle of a bacteria cell? |
Chromosome - no proper nucleus |
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What is in the cytoplasm of the bacteria? |
granules |
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What are the characteristics of a prokaryotic cell? |
no true nucleus no membrane bound organelles smaller in size simple are usually unicellular have a cell (plasma) membrane and a cell wall have simple organelles such as ribisomes found in colonies |
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what is the purpose of a colony |
so the organisms can protect each other |
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What cures bacteria? |
antibiotics |
