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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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c diff associated with
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pseudomembrane colitis, secondary to clinda or amp use
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tx of pseudomembrane colitis
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metro, oral vanco
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diphtheria
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exotoxin inhibits protein synthesis by ADP ribosylation of EF-2
grey-white membrane in pharynx with LAD tx: diphtheria antitoxin, DPT vaccine, penecillin |
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anthrax
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contact: malignant pustule
inhalation: flulike symptoms that rapidly progress to fever, pulmonary hemorrhage, shock |
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actinomyces
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normal oral flora, bad if immunocompromised
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neisseria gonococci cause
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urethritis, cervicitis, PID, epididymitis
most common cause of septic arthritis ophthalmia neonatorum- sticky eye discharge, tx- EES eye drops |
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H influ
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epiglottitis, meningitis, otitis, pneumonia
can vaccinate |
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enterbacter
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aerobic GN rods
e coli, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, enterobacter, serratia, proteus |
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kleb
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pneumonia, sepsis, UTI
red currant jelly sputum |
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salmonella
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motile, most common food associated diarrhea
do not tx- you will prolong the carrier state see in chicken and eggs |
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shigella
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bacterial dysentery- water diarrhea then mucousy diarrhea
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S typhi
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typhoid fever - fever, RUQ pain, resides in GB
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S flexeneri
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Reiter's syndrome
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Yersinia entercolitica
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pet feces (puppy)
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seafood bugs
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vibrio parahaemolyticus, v vulnificus
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EHEC and EHIC
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have sHIga like toxin - inhibits 60s ribosome
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E coli general
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diarrhea, UTI, neonatal meningitis/pneumonia/sepsis
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ETEC
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most common cause of traveler's diarrhea
tx: TMP-SMX, fluoroquinolones similar to cholera, rice water diarrhea no intestinal wall invasion |
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EHEC
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O157:H7--> HUS- hemolysis, renal failure, TCP
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enteropathogenic
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similar to shigella
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EIEC
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intestinal wall invasion- blood diarrhea and fever
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bloody diarrhea
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campylobacet, salmonella, shigella, EHEC, EIEC, yersinia enterocolitica, C diff, entamoeba
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watery diarrhea
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ETEC, vibrio, c perfringens, protozoa- giardia, cryptosporidium, viruses- rota, adeno, norwalk
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campylobacter and cholera
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comma shaped organisms
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cAMP inducers
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cholera, pertussus, e coli, bacillus
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proteus mirabilis
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very motile, flagella- no distinct colonies can be grown
common cause of UTI carries urease (also h pylori and c neoformans) |
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cat scratch
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bartonella
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dog/cat bite
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pasteurella multocida
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cat feces
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toxoplasmosis
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animal urine
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leptospira
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rat bites
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spirillum minus
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francisella tularemia
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rabbits
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yersinia pestis
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plague, prairie dogs
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brucella
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undulant fever, dairy products, contact with animals
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legionella
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poorly staining GN rod- use silver stain
aerosol transmission from environmental water source habitat tx: ees detect with urinary antigen test |
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pseudomonas causes
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pneumonia (CF, immunocompromised), burn wound infections, UTI, external otitis, hot tub folliculitis, osteomyelitis (DM, IVDA), sepsis, endocarditis (IVDA), corneal infections in contact lens wearers
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pseudomonas things
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water source, produces endotoxin, blue green pigment
tx: AG + extended spectrum penicillin |
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H pylori
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duodenal ulcers and gastric ulcers
tx with triple therapy urease positive |
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gardnerella vaginalis
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greenish vaginal discharge with fishy smell; nonpainful, tx with metro
clue cells |
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DDX granulomatous disease
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fungal infections, silica/be exposure, tb, foreign bodies, sarcoid-hilar LAD, bartonella
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primary tb
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ghon complex, hilar nodes
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secondary tb
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fibrocaseous cavitary lesion- classic tb
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how do we kill tb
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kill by T memory lymphokines--> activate macrophages-->kill
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Ghon complex
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TB granulomas (Ghon focus) with lobar and perihilar lymph node involvement; reflects primary infection or exposure
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tb symptoms
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fever, night sweats, weight loss, hemoptysis
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M kansasii
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pulmonary tb like symptoms
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M scrofulaceum
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cervical LAD in kids
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MAIC
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disseminated disease in AIDs
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M marinum
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marine activity, skin infection
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M leprae
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likes cool temperatures- infects skin and superficial nerves
Tx: l/t dapsone, rifampin |
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lepromatous leprosy
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worse, failed cell mediated immunity
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tuberculoid leprosy
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self limited
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lyme disease
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caused by borrelia burgdorferi- transmitted by ixodes tick
erythema chronicum migrans rash with central clearing tx: TCN, doxy |
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stage 1 lyme
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erythema chronicum migrans, flulike symptoms
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stage 2 lyme
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neurologic and cardiac manifestations
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stage 3 lyme
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AI migratory polyarthritis
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primary syph
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painless chancre
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secondary syph
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disseminated disease with constitutional symptoms, maculopapular rash, condyloma lata, alopecia areata
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tertiary syph
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gumma, aortitis, neurosyph (tabes dorsalis- no proprioception), argyll robertson pupil
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congenital syph
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saber shins, saddle nodes, deafness, notched incisors, interstitial keratitis
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argyll robertson pupil
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accomodates to convergence but does not react to light
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VRDL false positives
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viruses (mono, hep), drugs, rheumatic fever/RA, lupus, leprosy
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spirochetes
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borrelia, leptospira, treponema
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C pneumo and C psittaci
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atypical pneumo- no fever or SOB, interstitial pneumo only
psittaci- avian resevoir |
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CT A-C
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chronic infection, cause blindness in africa
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CT D-K
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urethritis, PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal pneumonia, neonatal conjunctivitis (tx with EES)
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CT L1-L3
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lymphogranuloma venereum
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Rickettsia triad
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HA, fever, rash, arthropod vector
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tx for rickettsia
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TCN
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why is coxiella atypical
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no rash, no vector, negative weil-felix reaction, aerosol
Q fever- interstitial pneumonia like woolsorters disease |
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RMSF
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rickettsia rickettsii- rash on palms and soles (migrates inward), HA, fever
endemic to east coast |
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acrodynia
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peeling of palms and soles because of Hg poisoning
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Endemic typhus (fleas)
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R typhi
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Epidemic typhus (human body louse)
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R prowsezekii
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Weil-Felix reaction
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antirickettsia AB cross react with proteus antigen
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Myco pneumo
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atypical walking pneumonia (insidious onset, HA, nonproductive cough, diffuse interstitial infiltrate), high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM)
Tx: TCN, EES bacterial cell membrane contains cholesterol younger patients in clusters |
