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113 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lipid A induces
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TNF and Il-1
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D-gluatmate capsule
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Anthrax
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What mediates adherence to foreign surfaces?
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polysaccharide glycocalyx
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O polysacchardie
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Endotoxin antigen
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Branching gram pos
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Actinomyces/Nocardia
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Bacteria that contains sterols and has no cell wall
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Mycoplasma
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Giemsa stains
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Chlamydia, borrelia, rickettsiae, tryoanosomes, plasmodium
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Crypto stains
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India Ink and Mucicarmine (red)
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H influenza culture
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V (NAD, staph aureus) and X (hematin)
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Neisseria culture
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Thayer-MArtin/VPN (vancomycin, polymyxin, nystatin)
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Lowesntein-Jensen agat
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culture TB
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what turns MacConkeys agar pink?
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Lactose-femrneters
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Green colonies on EMB
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E coli
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Chorcaol yeast w/ cystein and iron
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Legionella stain
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tellurite plat or lofflers media
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Diptheriae culture
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Obligate aerobes
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Nocardia, Pseudomonas, Myco tb, Bacillus (Nagging Pests Must Breathe)
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Obligate anaerobes (lack catalase/superoxide dismutasE)
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Clostridium, bacteroides, actinomyces (Anaerobes Cant Breathe Air)
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Positive quellung reaction
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capsule swells around encapsulated bug
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Encapsulated bugs
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Strep pnemo, H flu, Neisseria m, E coli, Salmonella, Klebsiella, group B strep (SHiNE SKiS)
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Catalase positive organisms (CGD problems)
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Pseudomonad, Listeria, Aspergillus, Candida, Ecoli, S aureus, Serratia (PLACESS)
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Why conjugate a protein to a polysaccharide vaccine?
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allows for class switching
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Protein A
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binds Fc if Ig and prevents opsonization (S aureus)
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IgA protease
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cleaves IgA and allows respiratory mucosa colonization (SHiN)
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M protein
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prevents phagocytosis (strep pyo)
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Exotoxin gene location
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plasmid or bacteriophage
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Is exo or endo toxin heat stable
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Endotoxin
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Sepsis caused by
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gram-negative bacilli endotoxin
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Toxins that inactivate elongation factor 2
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diptheria and Pseudomonas (exotoxin A)
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Shiga toxin and shiga like toxin mechanism
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inactivate 60s ribosome by removing adenine from rRNA
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Toxins that increase cAMP
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E coli (heat-labile), Anthrax, Pertussis, cholera (CAPE)
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E coli (ETEC) heat stable toxin
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overactivates cGMP
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Pertussis toxin effects
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impairs phagocytosis and increases insulin release
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Tetanus vs botulism toxin
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prevents release of inhibitory NTs vs release of stimulatory Nts
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C perfingens alpha toxin
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phospholipase that degrades phospholipid c
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Streptolysin O
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strep pyo toxin that lyses RBC (ASO to diagnose)
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strep pyo exotoxin A and s aureus TSST-1
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cause overwhelming release of IFN-gamma and IL-2 leading to shock
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S aureus exfoliative toxin
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scalded skin syndrome
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Spore formation phase
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Stationary phase
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Ability to take of naked DNA from lysed cells
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Transformation (SHiN)
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Where does Hfr conjugation start and end
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oRT to tfr
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Lytic vs lysogenic phage
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generalized (random) vs specialized (excision) transduction
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Lysogenic phage toxins
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shigA-like, Botulism, Cholers, Diptheris, Erythrogenic (strep pyo) (ABCDE)
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beta-hemolytic bacteria
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Staph aureus, groupA/B strep, listeria
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Food poisoning from potato salad
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s aureus preformed enterotoxin
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biofilms of prosthetic devices
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staph epidermidis
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bile soluble, lancet shaped diplococci
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strep pneumo
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strep pneumo diseases
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meningitis, otitis media, pneumonia, sinusitis (MOPS)
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Sepsis in sickle cell or asplenia
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strep pneumo
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dental caries and bacterial endocarditis on damaged valves
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strep veridans
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Pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis in babies
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strep agalactiae
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strep agalactiae prophylaxis
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intrapartum penicillin
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Endocarditis after cytoscopy
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enterococci
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growth in 6.5% NaCl and bile
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enterococci (group d strep)
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C diff toxins
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Toxin A binds brush border, Toxin B destoys enterocytes (pseudomembranous colitis)
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Box-car shaped rod
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anthrax
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Food poisoning from rice
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b cereus
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tumbling motility, intracellular, from cheese
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listeria
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spontaneous abortion, granulomatosis infantseptica, and neonatal meningitis causes
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listeria
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Prophylactic m avium tx
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azithromycin
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Cord factor in mycobacterium
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parallel chains responsible for virulism
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Long branched lipids in mycobacteria sp.
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mycolic acid
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lepromatous vs tuberculoid leprosy
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diffuse with TH2 response vs limited with TH1 response
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Lactose fermenters
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Klebsiella, E coli, Enterobacter, Seratia (KEES)
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Maltose fermenteting neisseria
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meningococci
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Prophylaxis for those in close contact with neisseria meningitidis or h flu
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Rifampin
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PRP capsule
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H flu
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Epiglotitis cause
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h flu
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Pneumonia with bradycardia, water source, and hyponatremia
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Legionella
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Resistance mechanism of pseudo
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Porin protein mutation
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Pneumonia (CF), sepsis, otits externa, drug/diabetic osteomyelitis, hot tub folliculitis
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pseudomonas
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Oxidase positive, procyanin producer
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pseudomonas
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Alginate/glycocalyx producer
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pseudomonas
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Ecythma gangrenosum
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pseudomonas
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K capsule
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e coli virulence facotr causing pneumonia/meningitis
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E coli fimbriae
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virulence factor causing cystitis/pyerlonephritis
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e coli strain that doesnt ferment sorbitol or produce glucoronidase
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o157:h7
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Currant jelly sputum
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Klebsiella, E coli, Enterobacter, Seratia (KEES)
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Hydrogen sulfid eproduction
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salmonella
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Rose spots on abdomen plus fever/diarrhea
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salmonella typhi
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bacteria that invades intestinal mucosa and causes PMN infiltration
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shigella
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corkscrew movement, guillan barre
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campylobacter
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comma shaped, oxidase positive, grown in alkaline media
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cholera
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pseudoappendicitis, day care outbreaks
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yersinia enterocolitica
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Jaundice, photophobia, and conjuctivitis from water source
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leptospira (weild disease adds jaundice)
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facial nerve palsy, arthritis, heart block, and erythema migrans
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Lyme disease
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bronze maculopapular rash
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2 syphillis
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saber shins, saddle nose, CN 8 deafness, mulberry molars
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congenital syphillis
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flu-like syndrome after syphillis antibios started
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Jarisch-Herxheimer
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Cat scratch
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bartonella
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cattle farmer w/ relapsing fevers
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brucella
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Parrot/bird droppings
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chlamdophylia psittaci
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Granulomas after eating big game
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francisella
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Dog/cat bite
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pasturella
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Bubos after flea bite
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yersinia pestis
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Fishy smell, vaginal gray discharge
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Gardnerella
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Gardnerella tx
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metronidazole
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Rash that starts at wrists and ankles
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Rocky mountain spotted fever
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Ricketssia rash that starts centrally
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epidemic typhus (prowazekki)
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Pneumonia after inhaled spores with no rash
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Q fever (coxiella)
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Infectious chlamydia form
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elementary body
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Replecative chlamydia form
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Reticulate body
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Chlamydia tx
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azithromycin (one time) or doxy
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Non-painful genital rash caused by chlmaydia L1-L3
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lymphogranuloma venereum
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Atypical pneumonia w/ cold agglutinins
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mycoplasma
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Eatons agar
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cholesterol rich for mycoplasma
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Postviral pneumonia
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staph, h flu, strep pnemo
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Newborn meningitis
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group B strep, e coli, listeria
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Bacterial meningitis CSF
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high protein low sugar with PMNs
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osteomyelitis in sickle cell
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salmonella
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Sexually active young women UTI
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staph saprophyticus
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Painful genital ulcer w/ parallel chains of bacteria
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haemophilus ducreyi
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Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
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infection of liver capsule secondary to PID
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Unimmunized meningitis or epiglottis
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h flu type B
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