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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How many vertebrae (including the fused ones)
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33. 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral, 4 coccygeal
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how many pairs of spinal nerves
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31
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ventral root
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conveys motor nerve axons FROM the spinal cord.
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dorsal root
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conveys sensory axons TOWARD the spinal cord.
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what does a spinal nerve divide into?
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dorsal ramus and ventral ramus
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Primary curvatures of the spine. Secondary?
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Thoracic and Sacral are primary curvatures. Cervical and lumbar are secondary curvatures.
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kyphosis
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accentuated curvature of spine
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Lordosis- what is it and what causes it?
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accentuated lumbar curvature due to weight gain and/or weakened trunk muscles.
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scoliosis- what is it?
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abnormal lateral curvature and rotation of vertebra.
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3 major features of vertebra
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vertebral body, vertebral arch, seven processes.
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what forms the vertebral arch?
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pedicles and laminae
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what is the articular facet?
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the joint surface of an articular process (can be inferior or superior).
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vertebral notches
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small indentations above and below each pedicle.
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what forms the intervertebral foramina?
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the superior and inferior vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrae.
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what does the intervertebral foramen do?
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allows passage for nerves and their associated blood vessels.
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What are the 2 types of joints in the spinal column?
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The intervertebral discs, and the zygopophysial joints (aka facet joints).
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What does the IV disc consist of?
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anulus fibrosus, and interiorly the nucleus pulposus.
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what type of joint is the zygopophysial joint?
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plane-type synovial joint
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what is the most important limiting factor to spinal movement?
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shape and orientation of the facet (zygopophysial) joints.
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what regions of the spine are responsible for rotation?
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cervical and thoracic regions.
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where is the posterior longitudinal ligament?
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in the vertebral canal anterior to the spinal cord.
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where is the anterior longitudinal ligament?
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on the anterior surface of the vertebral body.
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what does the supraspinous ligament expand into at the cervical spine?
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ligamentum nuchae
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