Back

Front 1

Trapezius

Back 1

Origin- medial 3rd of superior nuchal line
Insertion- Lateral 3rd of clavicle; acromion and spine of scapula
Innervates-Spinal accesory nerve

Front 2

Latissimus dorsi

Back 2

Origin- spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, lumbar fascia, iliac crest
Insertion- Floor of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus
Innervation- Thoracodorsal nerve

Front 3

Levator scapulae

Back 3

O-Posterior tubericles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
I- Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine
Inn- Dorsal scapular and cervical nerves

Front 4

Rhomboid minor

Back 4

O- nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae
I- smooth trangular area of medial end of scapular spine
Inn- Dorsal scapular nerve

Front 5

Rhomboid major

Back 5

O- spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae
I- medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle
Inn- Dorsal scapular nerve

Front 6

Erector spinae

Back 6

O- Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacra-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament
Inn- Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 7

Illiocostalis

Back 7

O-Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacra-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament
I- lumborum, thoracis, cervicis; fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical transverse processes
Inn- Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 8

Longissimus

Back 8

O-Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacra-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament
I- thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, and to mastoid process of temporal bone
A- Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 9

Spinalis

Back 9

O-Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacra-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament
I- thoracis, cervicis, capitis; fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and to cranium
A- posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 10

3 muscles of erector spinae

Back 10

Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Front 11

Transversospinalis

Back 11

O- Transverse processes
I- Spinous processes
Inn- Posterior rami of spinal nerves
Muscle action- extension and postural adjustments

Front 12

Interspinales

Back 12

O- Superior surfaces of spinous processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae
I- Inferior surfaces of spinous processes of vertebra superior to vertebra of proximal attachment
Inn- Posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 13

Intertransversaril

Back 13

O- transverse processes of cervical and lumbar vertebrae
I- Transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae
Inn- Posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 14

Splenius

Back 14

O- nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae
I- fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral 3rd of superior nuchal line of occipital bone- Splenius captitis, splenius cervicis
Inn- posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 15

Splenius cervicis

Back 15

O- nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebra
I: fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral 3rd of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
A: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 16

Splenius capitis

Back 16

O- nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebra
I: fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone
A: posterior rami of spinal nerves

Front 17

3 muscles of transversospinalis

Back 17

- Semispinalis
- Multifidus
-Rotatores

Front 18

Levatores costarum

Back 18

O- tips of transverse processes of C7 and T1-T11 vertebrae
I- Pass inferolaterally and insert on rib between tubercle and angle
Inn- Posterior rami of C8-T11 spinal nerves

Front 19

Rectus capitis posterior major

Back 19

O- spinous process of vertebra C2
I- Lateral part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

Front 20

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Back 20

O- Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of vertebra C1
I- Medial part of inferior nuchal line of occipital bone

Front 21

Obliquus capitis inferior

Back 21

O- Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of C2
I- Transverse process of C1

Front 22

Obliquus capitis superior

Back 22

O- Transverse process of C1
I- Occipital bone between superior and inferior nuchal lines

Front 23

Superomedial boundary of suboccipital triangle

Back 23

rectus capitis posterior major

Front 24

Superolateral boundary of triangle

Back 24

Obliquus capitis superior

Front 25

Inferolateral boundary of triangle

Back 25

Obliquus capitis inferior

Front 26

Floor of triangle

Back 26

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane and posterior arch of C1

Front 27

Roof of triangle

Back 27

semispinalis capitis

Front 28

Contents of triangle

Back 28

vertebral artery and suboccipital nerve

Front 29

M.A of trapezius

Back 29

descending part elevates;
ascending part depresses;
middle part retracts scapula
descending and ascending parts act together to rotate glenoid cavity superiorly

Front 30

M.A. of Latissimus dorsi

Back 30

- extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus; raises body toward arms during climbing

Front 31

M.A. of Levator Scapulae

Back 31

Elevates scapula and rotates its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula

Front 32

M.A. of Rhomboids

Back 32

-retracts scapula and rotate its glenoid cavity inferiorly; fix scapula to thoracic wall

Front 33

M.A. of Transversospinalis

Back 33

- extension and stabilization

Front 34

M.A. of Interspinales

Back 34

Aid in extension and rotation of vertebral column

Front 35

M.A. of Intertransversaril

Back 35

Aid in lateral flexion of vertebral column; acting bilaterally, stabilize vertebral column

Front 36

M.A. of Levatores costarum

Back 36

elevate ribs, assisting respiration, assist with lateral flexion of vertebral column

Front 37

M.A. of Splenius

Back 37

Acting alone- laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles
Acting together- extend head and neck