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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In a Design of Experiments (DOE), what is the effect of aliasing?
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You cannot distinguish between effects of different runs. (Also called totally counfounded)
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What process is followed when designing experiments?
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The 12-step process. It gives a roadmap and questions to answer as we proceed through the stages of experiments
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What is an orthogonal design?
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A design (test) matrix which has both vertical and horizontal balance.
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What are the five steps in Design of Experiments (DOE)?
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Planning
Designing Conducting Analyzing Confirming |
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What are the two main STRATEGIES (or uses) for Design of Experiments (DOE)?
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Screening: when a large number of factors (six or more) to narrow focus to the critical few
Modeling: for fewer factors and a complete analysis |
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What does the R-squared (R2) measure?
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The proportion of variation in the data (Y) that is explained by the model (X).
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When confirming, how close should we be to the predicted value?
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Within +/-3 standard errors
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In a regression output, what should our F Value be?
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Greater than six
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What is the definition of Design of Experiments (DOE)?
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The purposeful changing of the inputs to a process in order to observe corresponding changes to the output.
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In Design of Experiments, what does the K Value represent?
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K is the number of input factors.
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If your DOE model contains A, B, and C factors, each with a high and low value, with all possible combinations run, how would you descrie it?
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A two-level, three-factor, full factorial experiment
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In an interaction graph, factors that don't influence the output will be:
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Parallel to each other
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What does a Y-hat experiment predict?
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the affect the factors will have on the mean (shift)
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What does an S-hat experiment predict?
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the affect the factors will have on the standard deviation (squeeze)
Look at this factor first! |
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Which tool would you use in SPC XL to find the area of a section beneath a normal distribution (bell curve)
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Continuous Distributions > Normal
(Inverse normal finds the percentile of a given result) |
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In DOE, what does the Rule of Heirarchy state?
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If an interaction is significant, the individual factors of that interaction cannot be omitted, even if they are not significant (p-value) individually.
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In fractional factorials, what is the minimum resolution that should be considered effective
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Five
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How often will two-way interactions have significant influence in a DOE? Three-way?
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Two-way: approximately 20%
Three-way: approximately 1% This is significant when considering which columns are aliased in a fractional factorial DOE. |
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How do you determine if a DOE is HORIZONTALLY balanced?
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It is horizontally balanced if the multiple of any two columns results in zero
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In a DOE, if you have no p-values in the 's-hat' portion of your regression analysis, how can you determine which factors are significant to variation?
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Use the Constant Coefficient (s-bar) and divide by two. Compare to all factors and interactions. If they are greater than 1/2 s-bar, they are significant.
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How do we measure the degree of confounding in a model?
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The tolerance scale.
A tolerance of one means not confounded; zero means totally confounded. (all values should be >/= .5, half should be >/= .7) |
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How do you create a Y-hat prediction model?
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Y-hat = Y-bar + (coeff)Z + ..., where z equals each significant factor.
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How do we measure the degree of confounding in a model?
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The tolerance scale.
A tolerance of one means not confounded; zero means totally confounded. (all values should be >/= .5, half should be >/= .7) |
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How do you create a Y-hat prediction model?
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Y-hat = Y-bar + (coeff)Z + ..., where z equals each significant factor.
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How do you determine the Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE)?
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Multiply:
% equipment availability X performance rate X quality rate X 100 |
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What is the definition of flow?
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The continuous progressive adding of value.
Starts at receipt of request, ends at delivery to customer |
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In a Value Stream Map, how is PROCESS lead time defined?
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The sum of all cycle time for the process.
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What are the five steps in Value Stream Mapping?
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1. Identify customer requirements
2. Peform an upstream walk 3. Record information in the data boxes 4. Add information flow data 5. Add timeline information. |
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What are geometric designs and how are they used?
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designs that follow the n=2^k pattern. They're used for modeling.
Non-geometric designs are used for screening. |
