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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

How do stem cells differentiate?

Genes switch it on and off and tell it what to become

How do body cells divide?

Mitosis

What do chromosomes contain?
Genetic Information

What happens when a body cell divides by mitosis?

Copies of the genetic material are made



The cell divides once to form two identical body cells

When/why does mitosis happen?

During growth or to produce replacement cells and to repair

How many sets of chromosomes (23 chromosomes) do body cells have?

2

How many sets of chromosomes (23 chromosomes) do gametes have?

1

How do gametes divide?

Meiosis

What happens in meiosis?

Copies of the genetic information are made



The cell divides twice to form four gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes (23 chromosomes)

What happens when gametes fuse at fertilisation?

A single body cell with new pairs of chromosomes is formed. An individual develops by this cell repeating by mitosis

When do animal cells differentiate?

At an early stage

When do plant cells differentiate?

Plant cells retain the ability to differentiate throughout life

What adult cells can be made to differentiate into many different types, and where are they found?

Stem cells, found in adult bone marrow

What can human stem cells do?

Develop into any kind of human cell

How do stem cells differentiate?

Genes switch it on and off and tell it what to become

What can treatment with stem cells be used to help?

Paralysis

How are cells of the offspring produced by asexual reproduction produced?

Mitosis

What are their alleles like?

They are the same as their parents