Axilla And Upper Arm

Front 1

Name the muscles of the pectoral region

Back 1

- Pectoralis major

- Pectoralis minor

- Subclavius

- Serratus anterior

(trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, rhomboids)

Front 2

Pectoralis major
O & I

Back 2

O:
1) anterior medial 1/2 of clavicle
2) anterior surface of sternum
3) superior 7 costal cartilages
4) aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

I: lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 3

Pectoralis major
Innervation

Back 3

lateral and medical pectoral

Front 4

Pectoralis major
Vasculature

Back 4

thoracoacromial

Front 5

Pectoralis major
Main Action

Back 5

adducts and medially rotates humerus

horizontally adducts humerus (brushing hair/teeth, eating)

draws scapula anterior and inferior

Front 6

Pectoralis minor
O & I

Back 6

O: ribs 3-5 near costal cartilages

I: medial and superior aspect of coracoid process

Front 7

Pectoralis minor
Innervation

Back 7

medial pectoral

Front 8

Pectoralis minor
Vasculature

Back 8

lateral thoracic

Front 9

Pectoralis minor
Main Action

Back 9

stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferior and anterior (depresses tip of shoulder)

protracts scapula

Front 10

Subclavius
O & I

Back 10

O: junction of rib 1 and costal cartilage

I: inferior middle 1/3 of clavicle

Front 11

Subclavius
Innervation

Back 11

nerve to subclavius

Front 12

Subclavius
Vasculature

Back 12

thoracoacromial

Front 13

Subclavius
Main Action

Back 13

anchors and depresses clavicle, stabilizing SC joint

protects subclavian artery (if fx clavicle)

Front 14

Serratus anterior
O & I

Back 14

O: ribs 1-8

I: anterior medial border of scapula

Front 15

Serratus anterior
Innervation

Back 15

long thoracic

Front 16

Serratus anterior
Vasculature

Back 16

lateral thoracic and thoracodorsal

Front 17

Serratus anterior
Main Action

Back 17

protracts scapula

holds it against thoracic wall

rotates scapula

Front 18

Review O&I, innervation vasculature, and main action for trapezius, latissimus dorsi, levator scapulae, and rhomboids

Back 18

know it

Front 19

Define axilla

Back 19

- pyramidal space at junction of arm and thorax "armpit"

- inferior to glenohumeral joint

- passageway for large, important nerves and vessels to reach UE (brachial plexus)

- has 4 walls, with apex pointing toward root of neck and base pointing downward and outward

Front 20

Name the muscles of the arm

Back 20

- deltoid

- supraspinatus

- infrapsinatus

- teres major

- teres minor

- subscapularis

- biceps brachii

- brachialis

- coracobrachialis

- triceps brachii

- anconeus

Front 21

Deltoid
O & I

Back 21

O:
1) lateral 1/3 of clavicle
2) acromion
3) spine of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

Front 22

Deltoid
Innervation

Back 22

axillary

Front 23

Deltoid
Vasculature

Back 23

posterior humeral circumflex

Front 24

Deltoid
Main Action

Back 24

anterior part: flex and MR arm

middle part: abduct arm

posterior part: extend and LR arm

circumducts (hybrid motion)

Front 25

Name the muscles of the rotator cuff

Back 25

- supraspinatus

- infraspinatus

- teres minor

- subscapularis

Front 26

Supraspintaus
O & I

Back 26

O: supraspinatus fossa of scapula

I: superior greater tuberosity of humerus

Front 27

Supraspintaus
Innervation

Back 27

suprascapular

Front 28

Supraspintaus
Vasculature

Back 28

suprascapular

Front 29

Supraspintaus
Main Action

Back 29

initiates and helps deltoid abduct arm (first 30°)

holds humeral head

Front 30

Infraspinatus
O & I

Back 30

O: infraspinatus fossa of the scapular

I: middle greater tuberosity of humerus

Front 31

Infraspinatus
Innervation

Back 31

suprascapular

Front 32

Infraspinatus
Vasculature

Back 32

suprascapular and scapular circumflex

Front 33

Infraspinatus
Main Action

Back 33

LR arm

helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Front 34

Teres major
O & I

Back 34

O: dorsal inferior angle of scapular

I: medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

Front 35

Teres major
Innervation

Back 35

lower subscapular

Front 36

Teres major
Vasculature

Back 36

thoracodorsal

Front 37

Teres major
Main Action

Back 37

adducts arm

MR arm

Front 38

Teres minor
O & I

Back 38

O: superior lateral border of scapula

I: inferior greater tuberosity of humerus

Front 39

Teres minor
Innervation

Back 39

axillary

Front 40

Teres minor
Vasculature

Back 40

scapular circumflex

Front 41

Teres minor
Main Action

Back 41

LR arm

helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Front 42

Subscapularis
O & I

Back 42

O: subscapular fossa

I: lesser tuberosity of humerus

Front 43

Subscapularis
Innervation

Back 43

upper and lower subscapular

Front 44

Subscapularis
Vasculature

Back 44

subscapular

Front 45

Subscapularis
Main Action

Back 45

MR arm

adducts arm

helps to hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Front 46

What are the functions of the rotator cuff?

Back 46

- helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

- as UE elevates, the humeral head wants to move inferiorly and the rotator cuff keeps it positioned

Front 47

Biceps brachii
O & I

Back 47

O:
short head - tip of coracoid process
long head - supraglenoid tubercle

I:
1) radial tuberosity
2) fascia of the forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

Front 48

Biceps brachii
Innervation

Back 48

musculocutaneous

Front 49

Biceps brachii
Vasculature

Back 49

brachial

Front 50

Biceps brachii
Main Action

Back 50

flexes elbow

supinates forearm

Front 51

Brachialis
O & I

Back 51

O: distal 1/2 of anterior humerus

I: coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity

Front 52

Brachialis
Innervation

Back 52

musculocutaneous

Front 53

Brachialis
Vasculature

Back 53

brachial and radial recurrent

Front 54

Brachialis
Main Action

Back 54

flexes elbow

Front 55

Coracobrachialis
O & I

Back 55

O: tip of coracoid process

I: middle 1/3 of medial humerus

Front 56

Coracobrachialis
Innervation

Back 56

musculocutaneous

Front 57

Coracobrachialis
Vasculature

Back 57

brachial

Front 58

Coracobrachialis
Main Action

Back 58

flexes arm

adducts arm

Front 59

Triceps brachii
O & I

Back 59

O:
long head - infraglenoid tubercle
lateral/medial heads - posterior humerus

I:
1) olecranon
2) fascia of forearm

Front 60

Triceps brachii
Innervation

Back 60

radial

Front 61

Triceps brachii
Vasculature

Back 61

brachial

superior ulnar collateral

profunda brachii

Front 62

Triceps brachii
Main Action

Back 62

extends elbow

Front 63

Anconeus
O & I

Back 63

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I:
1) lateral olecranon
2) superior posterior ulna

Front 64

Anconeus
Innervation

Back 64

radial

Front 65

Anconeus
Vasculature

Back 65

middle collateral from profunda brachii

Front 66

Anconeus
Main Action

Back 66

assists triceps in extending elbow