Axial Skeleton

Front 1

Back 1

Maxillary Bones (Left and Right Maxilla). This is where the maxillary sinuses are found

Front 2

Back 2

Nasal Bones (Left and Right Nasal Bone)

Front 3

Back 3

Frontal Bone. This is where the frontal sinus is found

Front 4

Back 4

Mandible. This is the only mobile skull bone

Front 5

Back 5

Zygomatic Bone (Right)

Front 6

Back 6

Temporal Bone (Right). The external acoustic meatus, zygomatic process, mastoid process, and styloid process are all found here.

Front 7

Back 7

Parietal Bone (Right)

Front 8

Back 8

Cribriform Plate of the Ethmoid Bone. The part that sticks up like a sail is called the Crista Galli. This is where the olfactory nerves enter the nasal sinuses

Front 9

Back 9

Internal Acoustic Meatus. This is the only opening found on the inside of the temporal bone.

Front 10

Back 10

Sella Turcica. This is where the pituitary gland sits

Front 11

Back 11

Temporal Process of the Zygomatic Bone

Front 12

Back 12

Mandibular Condyle. This articulates with the temporal process at the glenoid fossa of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

Front 13

Back 13

Coronoid Process

Front 14

Back 14

Ethmoid Bone. Ethmoid Sinuses found here

Front 15

Name the Opening

Back 15

Foramen Magnum. This is where the spinal cord exits the skull and enters the spinal column

Front 16

Back 16

Occipital Condyle (Left). These articulate with the C1 (atlas) and allow you to look up and down.

Front 17

Back 17

Mastoid Process (Left). Point of insertion for the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Front 18

Back 18

Hyoid Bone. Supports the tongue

Front 19

Back 19

C1 (Atlas). Articulates with the occipital condyles allowing you to look up and down.

Front 20

Back 20

C2 (Axis). Articulates with C1 (Atlas) and allows you to turn your head left and right. Has a distinctive odontoid process (the part that sticks up) known as the dens

Front 21

Back 21

Dens (Process of the C2 Vertebra that articulates with C1)

Front 22

Back 22

Thoracic Spine. T1-12. These attach to ribs. The ribs are named first rib (attaches to T1), second rib (attaches to T2) and so on. The body is much larger than cervical vertebrae and unlike cervical, they do not have foramen in the transverse processes. Thoracic vertebrae all have articulation points for ribs (these are concave areas at the ends of the transverse processes)

Front 23

Back 23

Lumbar Spine (L1-5). Much larger body that Thoracic vertebrae because they support more weight.

Front 24

Back 24

Sacrum (5 fused vertebra that have passage for nerves)

Front 25

Back 25

Coccyx (4 fused vertebra that the muscles of the pelvic floor attach to)

Front 26

Back 26

Manubrium (top part of the three fused bones that make up the sternum)

Front 27

Back 27

Body of the Sternum (central part of the fused bones that make up the sternum)

Front 28

Back 28

Xiphoid Process (bottom part of the three bones that make up the sternum)

Front 29

Back 29

Zygomatic Process of the Temporal Bone

Front 30

Back 30

Cervical Spine (C1-7). These have the smallest vertebral bodies because they don't support as much weight. The transverse processes have holes in them called transverse foramen. C1 and C2 are specialized (Atlas and Axis) to allow you to look up, down, left, and right.

Front 31

Back 31

Occipital Bone. Foramen Magnum and occipital condyles found here.

Front 32

Back 32

Sphenoid Bone. Sella Turcica found here. This is the view of this bone from inside the skull, but it can be seen from the outside as well (it lies just behind the zygomatic arch on the left and right sides of the skull).

Front 33

Back 33

Sphenoid Bone. This is the view of the bone from the outside, left side of the skull. The sella turcica is found here.

Front 34

Back 34

Lacrimal Bone. Named for lacrimation (meaning secretion of tears), because the tear ducts (lacrimal ducts) are found here. The hole is called the nasolacrimal canal

Front 35

Back 35

Mental Foramen (left). Transmits the terminal ends of the inferior alveolar nerve (cranial nerve 5) that supplies sensation to the teeth

Front 36

Back 36

External Acoustic Meatus. Site of the ear canal. Found superior to the styloid process on the temporal bones

Front 37

Suture Line

Back 37

Squamosal Suture.

Front 38

Suture Line

Back 38

Occipital Suture.

Front 39

Suture Line

Back 39

Coronal Suture.

Front 40

Back 40

Wormian Bone. Also called sutural bones or intra sutural bones. These are extra bone pieces that occur within a cranial suture. These are irregular bones that occur during ossification and though they are irregular, they are not rare.

Front 41

Back 41

Infraorbital Foramen. Allows passage for the infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve which are branches of the maxillary branch (V2) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V), which is responsible for sensation in the face and motor functions such as biting and chewing.

Front 42

Back 42

Vomer. This is a small, thin bone that separates the left and right nasal cavities

Front 43

Back 43

Palatine Bones (Left and Right). Commonly called the hard palate (along with the maxilla)