Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Axial skeleton
|
contains:
skull vertebral column thoracic cage |
|
|
skull/cranium
|
Made up of:
Frontal lobe Parietal lobe (2) Occipital lobe (2) Temporal lobe (2) |
|
|
Parietal lobe
|
sagittal suture
coronal/frontal suture |
|
|
Sagittal suture
|
between parietal bones; midline articulation point
|
|
|
coronal suture
|
between frontal and parietal bones
|
|
|
Temporal bone
|
Inferior to parietal bone on lateral skull
Contains: squamous suture zygomatic process mandibular fossa external auditory meatus styloid process mastoid process jugular foramen carotid canal |
|
|
squamous suture
|
between temporal and parietal
|
|
|
zygomatic process
|
cheekbone attachment, form zygomatic arch
|
|
|
mandibular fossa
|
rounded depression inferior surface of zygomatic process
|
|
|
external auditory meatus
|
Canal leading to eardrum/middle ear
|
|
|
styloid process
|
needle like projection inferior to external auditory meatus
|
|
|
Mastoid process
|
rough projection inferior and posterior to external auditory meatus
|
|
|
Jugular foramen
|
opening medial to styloid process (jugular and cranial nerves pass through)
|
|
|
Carotid canal
|
opening medial to styloid process (carotid artery passes into cranial cavity)
|
|
|
Occipital Bone
|
most posterior bone of the skull, forms floor and back wall
Contains: lamdoid suture foramen magnum occipital condyles |
|
|
Lamdoid suture
|
between sagittal and occipital bones
|
|
|
Foramen magnum
|
opening in the base of the skull where the spinal cord joins the brain
|
|
|
Occipital condyles
|
rounded projections that articulate with 1st cervical vertebra (atlas)
|
|
|
Sphenoid bone
|
butterfly/bat shaped
keystone bone, articulates with all bones of the skull contains: greater wings lesser wings Sella turcica optic canal foramen ovale sphenoid sinus |
|
|
Greater wings
|
on top, exteriorly anterior to temporal, form part of eye orbit
|
|
|
Lesser wings
|
on bottom, bat shaped, anterior to sella turcica
|
|
|
Sella Turcica
|
pituitary gland housed here, saddle shaped, sphenoid midline
|
|
|
Optic canal
|
opening in base of lesser wings, optic nerves enter the orbits
|
|
|
Foramen ovale
|
opening posterior to sella turcica, 5th cranial nerve passes through
|
|
|
Sphenoid sinus
|
posteriorly middle of nose bridge
|
|
|
Ethmoid Bone
|
Irregularly shaped bone anterior to sphenoid, forms roof of the nasal cavity, upper nasal cavity, upper nasal septum, and part of the medial orbit walls.
Contains: crista galli cribriform plates superior and middle nasal concha perpendicular plate ethmoid sinus |
|
|
Crista galli
|
cocks comb, point of attachment for the dura matter, secures brain in skull
|
|
|
Cribriform plates
|
Body plates lateral to crista galli, olfactory fibers pass to brain
|
|
|
Superior and middle nasal concha
|
thin coiled plates of bone from ethmoid into nasal cavity
|
|
|
Perpendicular plate
|
inferior projection of ethmoid forms superior part of nasal septum
|
|
|
ethmoid sinus
|
inferior to frontal sinus, superior to sphenoidal sinus
|
|
|
Mandible
|
lower jaw, articulates with temporal bones
contains: mandibular condyle Coronoid process mental foramen mandibular foramen alveolar margin |
|
|
Mandibular condyle
|
articulation point mandible with mandibular fossa of temporal bone
|
|
|
Coronoid process
|
jutting anterior portion of ramus (site of muscle attachment)
|
|
|
Mental foramen
|
prominent opening that transmits mental blood vessels and nerves to lower jaw
|
|
|
Mandibular foramen
|
open lower jaw, medial aspect mandibular ramus, permits passage of nerve for tooth sensation (novacaine inserted here)
|
|
|
Alveolar margin
|
inferior margin containing sockets for teeth to lie within
|
|
|
Maxilla
|
upper jaw
contains: alveolar margin palatine process infraorbital foramen maxillary sinus |
|
|
Alveolar margin
|
superior margin containing sockets for teeth to lie in
|
|
|
Palatine process
|
form anterior hard palate, meet medially in intermaxillary structure
|
|
|
Infraorbital foramen
|
opening under orbit, carrying infraorbital nerves, blood vessels to nasal region
|
|
|
Maxillary sinus
|
largest sinus, frontal
|
|
|
Lacrimal bone
|
fingernail sized bones forming part of the medial orbit walls between the maxilla and ethmoid
|
|
|
Palatine
|
paired bones posterior to palatine process, form posterior hard palate and part of the orbit
|
|
|
Zygomatic
|
lateral to maxilla forms cheekbone and part of lateral orbit
|
|
|
Nasal
|
small rectangular bones forming the bridge of the nose
|
|
|
V omer
|
blade shaped bone in median plane of nasal cavity that forms posterior and inferior nasal septum
|
|
|
Inferior nasal concha
|
thin curved bones protruding medially from lateral walls of nasal cavity
|
|
|
Hyoid
|
free floating bone in throat above larynx, point of attachment for tounge and neck muscles, horseshoe shaped
|
|
|
Vertebrae
|
24 single bones that form the vertebral column
|
|
|
Structures of vertebrae
|
Body
vertebral foramen transverse process spinous process superior and inferior articular processes intervertebral foramina |
|
|
Vertebrae body
|
rounded central portion, faces anteriorly
|
|
|
Vertebral foramen
|
spinal column runs through this, opening enclosed by the body and vertebral arch
|
|
|
Transverse process
|
two lateral projections from vertebral arch
|
|
|
Spinous process
|
single, palpable, medial and posterior projection from the vertebral arch
|
|
|
Superior and inferior articular processes
|
articulate with other vertebrae, superior articular process face toward spinous process, inferior articular processes face away from spinous process
|
|
|
Intervertebral foramina
|
space between two joined vertebrae
|
|
|
Cervical vertebrae
|
7
transverse foramina (opening in transverse process) |
|
|
1st cervical vertebrae
|
C1
atlas joins with occipital condyle to "say yes" |
|
|
2nd cervical vertebrae
|
C2
axis has dens allows for pivot "say no" |
|
|
Thoracic vertebrae
|
12
have facets for ribs rounded transverse processes for articulation with ribs |
|
|
Lumbar vertebrae
|
5
larger body stubby, flay arms |
|
|
Sacrum
|
5 fused vertebrae
composite bone articulates with LB connects with coccyx contains: median sacral crest alae sacral foramina sacral canal sacral hiatus sacral promontory |
|
|
Median sacral crest
|
spiny process of fused vertebrae, posterior view
|
|
|
Alae
|
wings, laterally articulate with hip bones
|
|
|
Sacral foramina
|
located at either end of transverse sacral ridges
openings allow sciatic nerve to pass |
|
|
Sacral canal
|
opening superior, posterior
allows cerebral fluid to flow through |
|
|
Sacral hiatus
|
hole posterior inferior
allows fluid out |
|
|
Sacral promontory
|
Where last lumbar vertebrae joins sacrum
|
|
|
Bony thorax
|
sternum
ribs |
|
|
Sternun
|
breast bone
|
|
|
Manubrium
|
tie shaped head
articulates with clavicle |
|
|
Body/gladiolus
|
middle area of sternum
|
|
|
Xiphoid process
|
inferior end
5th intercostal space |
|
|
Ribs
|
12 pairs
7 pairs true 5 pairs false (two types) 3 pairs articulate with sternum cartilage (rib 7) 2 pairs floating, no sternal attachment |
