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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does codec stand for?
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enCODE/ DECode
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Lossless
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Data Manipulation, Bit for Bit replication with a 2:1 ratio
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Lossy
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Ear Manipulation, Sometimes over 90% reduction
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Lossless Codecs
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Apple Lossless, Windows Media, Monkey's Audio, FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec)
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Lossy Codecs
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MP3, MPEG-1, AAC, MP4, Windows Media, Real Audio, OGG Vorbis, ADPCM, APT-X
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"Fools" your ear. Audio is divided into short segments and fewer bits are sent to "unimportant" bands
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Frequency Coding (Perceptual)
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Used to determine the relative importance of bands. Frequency/ Amplitude relationship
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Masking (Perceptual)
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Saving bits where information is redundant, especially at high frequencies where our ears don't localize as well
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Interchannel Redundancy (Perceptual)
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Matrix Encoding, mono where possible, and steers most significant sounds L/R Redundancy
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Joint Stereo (Perceptual)
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Joint Stereo Algorithm predicts next sample by analyzing previous behavior. Measures the difference between Prediction and actual sample while encoding the difference
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Differential Coding (Predictive Analysis)
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Defines bandwidth, not quality. Keeps the same speed/ bandwidth and doesn't change when audio gets more complex. Better for streaming
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Constant Bit Rate Encoding
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Defines Quality, not bandwidth. Adjusts bandwidth for more complex sounds. Better for downloading.
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Variable Bit Rate Encoding
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Single Layer/ Single Side
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DVD-5
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Single Layer/ Dual Side
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DVD-9
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Double Side/ Single Layer
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DVD-10
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Double Side/ Mixed Layer
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DVD-14
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Double Sided/ Dual Layer
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DVD-18
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DVD-5 Capacity
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4.38G
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DVD-9 Capacity
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7.95G
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DVD-10 Capacity
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8.75G
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DVD Video Total Throughput
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10.08 Mbps
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DVD Video, Video Throughput
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9.8 Mbps
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DVD Video, Audio Throughput
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6.144 Mbps
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DVD Video, Streams of Audio
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8
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DVD Video Required Formats
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PCM or Dolby Digital (AC-3)
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PCM Specs
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Stereo Only
16-24 Bit 48k or 96k Sample Rate High Quality, not high bandwidth |
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Dolby Digital (AC-3) Specs
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1-5 Channels
16-24 bit 32, 44.1 and 48k sample rate 5.1 bit rate = 384 kbps stereo bit rate = 192 kbps |
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DTS Specs
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754 kbps (perceptual)
1.5 Mbps (Predictive) |
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DVD Audio Max throughput
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9.6 Mbps
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DVD Audio Groups and playlists
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9 groups (PLAYLIST)
99 tracks per group |
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DVD Audio MAx Channels
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up to 6
44.1 - 192k Sample Rate, but stereo only above 96k |
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SMART
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(System Managed Audio Resource Technique) Producer defined parameters for down-mixing
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Takes advantage of the periodic nature of waveforms by encoding redundant data into smaller words
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Entropy Coding
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Interchannel Redundancy works well where?
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Higher Frequencies
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M-S Stereo
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Matrix Encoding like FM
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Intensity Stereo
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Mono where possible, but sends most predominant sounds L/R
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ADPCM
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(Adaptive Differential PCM) Generic form of data reduction
(Predictive Lossy) |
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APT-X
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Foundational Code for DTS
(Predictive Lossy) |
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DVD-Video Specs
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Total = 10.08
Video = 9.8 Audio = 6.144 (Mbps) |
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Dolby Bit Rate for 5.1
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384 kbps
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Dolby Bit Rate for Stereo
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192 kbps
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In DVD-Audio, Still images are allowed, but not video
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TRUE
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DVD Audio Disk do not play on DVD Video Player
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TRUE
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DVD Audio Max Throughput
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9.6 Mbps that is all for audio
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DSD
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Direct Stream Digital = PDM (Pulse Density Modulation)
1 bit at 2.8224 Mhz |
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DSD leaves the Nyquists frequency at?
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1.4112 MHz
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DST
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Direct Stream Transfer
Lossless data reduction for DSD |
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Blu-Ray Specs
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25 of 50 GB
48 Mbps of data tranfer |
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Blue-Ray Lossy Codecs
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Dolby = 640 kbps
Dolby Digital Plus = 4.736 Mbps DTS = 1.5Mbps |
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Blu-Ray Lossless Codecs
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True HD = Up to 18.64 Mbps
DTS-HD = up to 24.5 Mbps |
