Autonomic Pharmacology Drugs

Front 1

pilocarpine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 1

Muscarinic ach agonist

Generalized muscaronic effects. Pupillary constriction, spasm of accommodation, fall in intraocular pressure.

Glaucoma as opthalmic solution

Front 2

metoclopramide a.k.a. Reglan

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 2

Muscarinic ach agonist

Increases gastric emptying, anti-emetic (b/c also dopamine receptor antagonist).

FIRST-LINE for post-surgical gastroparesis, anti-emetic agent.

Front 3

atropine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 3

Competitive muscarinic ach antagonist

MAD, RED, DRY: Delirium, flush, dry mouth and skin. Bronchodilation, pupillary dilation, tachycardia.

Stop asystole, antidote to acetylcholinesterase toxins, pupillary dilation.

Front 4

scopolamine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 4

Muscarinic antagonist

Taken orally or transdermally for motion sickness.

Front 5

ipratroprium a.k.a. Atrovent

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 5

Muscarinic antagonist

Bronchodilator for asthma and COPD

Front 6

neostigmine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 6

Covalent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

Prevents conversion of ach to acetate and choline in the cleft. Makes ach have a lifetime of minutes instead of seconds.

Front 7

Sarin

Action
Effects
Uses

Back 7

Irreversible covalent acetylcholinesterase modifier

Nerve gas. Causes bronchial spasm, salivation, lacrimation, defecation, urination, bradycardia, hypotension, muscle weakness.

Front 8

pralidoxime

Action
Effects
Uses

Back 8

Acetylcholinesterase rescue agent

Reactivates blocked enzyme via nucleophilic attack

Used to treat Sarin attack (with atropine) or neostigmine overdose

Front 9

Botulism toxin

Action
Effects

Back 9

Blocks Ca-dependent acetylcholine release by cleaving SNARE.

Front 10

Black widow latrotoxin

Action
Effects

Back 10

Promotes Ca-dependent acetylcholine release from the pre-synaptic membrane.

Front 11

epinephrine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 11

sympathomimetic adrenergic agonist, predominantly beta.

Increase cardiac output and systolic ABP, large metabolic effects (increased O2 consumption and blood glucose)

Stop anaphylactic response and code blue

Front 12

norepinephrine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 12

Sympathomimetic adrenergic agonist, predominantly alpha

Increase systolic and diastolic blood pressure with less effect on cardiac output and metabolism

Hypotensive shock (rarely used)

Front 13

dopamine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 13

Acts on D1 receptor with some effects on alpha and beta receptors

Given by IV infusion, used at low doses in renal failure patients with low perfusion and at higher doses in shock

Front 14

phenylephrine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 14

Alpha 1 adrenergic agonist

Induces vasoconstriction, used to treat hypotension and as a nasal decongestant

Front 15

phenoxybenzamine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 15

Alpha 1 and 2 adrenergic antagonist

Used to treat pheochromacytoma (adrenal tumor releasing too much epinephrine)

Front 16

dobutamine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 16

Beta 1 adrenergic agonist

Increases cardiac rate and force of constriction, given by IV for congestive heart failure especially in anginal states (may help dilate coronary arteries and reduce afterload)

Front 17

prazosin

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 17

Selective alpha1-adrenergic antagonist

Used for high blood pressure and to enhance urine flow in BPH by blocking smooth muscle constriction--old man drug

Front 18

clonidine

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 18

Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist--alpha 2 is on the presynaptic membrane!

Decreases NE release pre-synaptically, used to reduce blood pressure and for treatment of substance abuse withdrawal symptoms

Front 19

isoproterenol

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 19

Beta 1 and 2 adrenergic agonist

Stimulates cardiac output, dilates bronchial smooth muscle

Front 20

propranolol

Back 20

Beta 1 and 2 adrenergic antagonist

Used to treat hypertension, angina, anxiety, vasovagal syncope, arrhythmias

Front 21

metoprolol

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 21

Beta 1 adrenergic antagonist

Reduces cardiac output, used for hypertension and angina (lowers heart's O2 requirements and allows increased flow into the coronary arteries during diastole.

Front 22

albuterol

Receptor action
Effects
Uses

Back 22

Beta 2 (predominantly) adrenergic agonist

Dilates bronchial smooth muscle and uterine smooth muscle with few cardiac side effects. Used for asthma and to stop premature labor. Also promotes glycogenolysis in liver, so be careful in diabetics.