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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Alpha1 agonist drugs? (2)
clinical use? |
Causes constriction, used as a nasal decongestant
1. Phenylephrine 2.Methoxamine (non-selective) |
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Alpha2 agonist drug?
clinical use? |
Prevents NA release reducing BP
1. Clonidine |
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Beta1 agonist drug?
Clinical use? |
Increase cardiac contractility
1. Dobutamine - cardiogenic shock |
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Beta2 agonist drug?
Clinical use? |
Salbutamol - relax bronchial smooth muscle, treats asthma
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Beta3 agonist drug effects and clinical use?
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Activate thermogenisis, possible drugs to treat obesity
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Clinical use of adrenaline?
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Epipen - treat anaphaltic shock and cardiac arrest
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Indirectly acting sympathometrics (sympathetic agonists)? (2)
Clinical use? and mechanism? |
Structures similar to NA but do not activat receptors. Enter via uptake 1 and displace NA.
1. Amphetamine - ADHD 2. Ephedrine - nasal decongestant |
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Non-selective antagonists for alpha adrenorecptors? (4)
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Cause hypotension, postural hypotension (alpha1 blockade)
Increase CO and cause tachycardia (alpha2 blockade) Phenoxybenzamine long lasting, covalent binding also blocks other classes of receptor, e.g. 5-HT and ACh and histamine Phentolamine more selective, but short acting Labetol and carvediol mixed and β actions (reduces effect on heart) used to treat hypertension |
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Alpha1 antagonists? (3)
Clinical use? |
Cause vasodilatation and fall in arterial pressure.
Antihypertensive drugs e.g. prazosin, doxaszosin and terazocin. Less tachycardia than non-selective Still cause postural hypotension esp. prazosin Relax bladder smooth muscle and prostate capsule Clinically used to treat urinary retention associated with prostatic hypertrophy (enlarged prostate) esp. tamsulosin |
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Alpha2 antagonists? (1)
clinical use? |
Yohimbine and synthetic analogue idazoxan are mainly experimental - effects debated
Yohimbine, has vasodilator and stimulant effects used to treat male impotence, aphrodisiac (anecdotal) May increase fat burn when combined with exercise. |
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Beta non-selective antagonist?
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Propanolol
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Effects of beta antagonists? (4)
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Mainly cardiovascular, reduce effect of exercise on cardiovascular parameters (lowers O2 demand, in heart disease have antidysrhythmic effect).
In hypertensive arterial pressure drops over several days; complex Reduction of CO and renin release, CNS activity, reduces sympathetic activity. Prevent tremor |
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Unwanted effects of beta antagonists? (6)
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Bronchoconstriction (β2),
Cardiac failure (reduce sympathetic tone required to maintain CO), Bradycardia (low HR), Hypoglycaemia (syptoms such as tachycardia that warn diabetics of hypoglycaemia reduced), Fatigue (due to reduced CO and muscle perfusion during exercise), Cold extremities (loss of β2 induced dilatation of subcutaneous blood vessels) |
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Clinical uses of beta antagonists? (8)
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Cardiovascular:
Hypertension Angina Cardiac dysrhythmias (protective after MI) Other uses include: Glaucoma (timolol) Hyperthyroid disease Anxiety Tremor Migraine |
