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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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where are nicotinic receptors found
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autonomic ganglia, adrenal gland, and skeletal muscle
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enzyme that breaks down Ach
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Achesterase
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precursors to NE
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tyrosine to DOPA to dopamin
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where are muscarinic receptors found
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parasymp end organs, brain, sweat glands, salivary glands, heart, GI smooth muscle, eye
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location and effect of alpha 1 adrenergic
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blood vessels (constriction), urinary sphincters, eye (dilation)
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location and effect of alpha 2 adrenergic
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slows down activation of symp, end organs
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location and effect of beta1 adren
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heart (increase rate and force), kidney, brain
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location and effect of beta2
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airways (relaxation/dilation), blood vessels of skeletal muscle (dilation), pregnant uterus (use agonist to slow down premature contractions
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which enzyme metabolizes dopamine, norepi, and epi
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catechol-O-methyltransferase
inhibit this for Parkinson |
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describe monamine oxidases
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A is in the gut and some peripheral tissues, while B is in the brain. Inhibit this to increase brain neurotransmitters
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sympathetic NS is sole innervation of
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vascular smooth muscle (alpha1&beta2)
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MOA of cholinergic agonists
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mimick Ach or inhibit Achesterase
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bethanechol (Urecholine)
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GU, helps urinate but SE is diarrhea
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methacholine
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inhaled to induce bronchoconstriction/cough
used to diagnose Reactive Airway disease. Normal folks just cough a little |
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list direct cholinergic agonists
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bethanechol, methacholine, pilocarpine
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pilocarpine
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induces salivation and/or tearing of eyes
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list Achesterase inhibitors
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edrophonium, pyridostigmine, physostigmine
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edrophonium
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diagnostic of myasthenia gravis. Ach receptors on skeletal muscle are blocked by antibodies.
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pyridostigmine
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treatment for MG. oral Achesterase inhibitor
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physostigmine
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for people who don’t wake up from paralytic drugs
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MOA of cholinergic antagonists
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blocks muscarinic receptor
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list cholinergic antagonists
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atropine, benztropine (Cogentin), trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
others |
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atropine
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treat bradycardia, dries secretions in mouth and lungs for procedures (bronchoscopy)
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benztropine (Cogentin)
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relief of tremors in patients with Parkinson, treats side effects of drugs that are given in bipolar disorder
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trihexyphenidyl (Artane)
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relief of tremors in patients with Parkinson, treats side effects of drugs that are given in bipolar disorder
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dicyclomine (Bentyl)
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“calms” GI tract with anxiety disorders (irritable bowel syndrome)
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ipratropium (Atrovent)
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for COPD, mild bronchodilators
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tiotropium (Spiriva)
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for COPD
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oxybutynin (Ditropan, Ditropan XL, Oxytrol patch)
tolterodine (Detrol, Detrol LA) darifenacin (Enablex) solifenacin (Vesicare) trospium (Sanctura) |
all for bladder irritability/ urine incontinence
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scopolamine (Transderm SCOP)
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carsick etc. dries secretions
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glycopyrrolate (Robinul)
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procedural for drying secretions
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