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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Botox
|
neuromuscular blocker
Inhibits calcium dependent ACh release from presynaptic neuron |
crossed eye, vocal cord spasms, facial movements, eyebrow furrows
|
|
Tacrine
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits Acetylcholine esterase |
Alzheimer's
|
|
Donepezil
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits acetylcholine esterase |
Alzheimer's
degeneration of cholinergic neurons |
|
Rivastigmine
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits acetylcholine esterase |
Alzheimer's
degeneration of cholinergic neurons |
|
Galantamine
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits acetylcholine esterase |
Alzheimer's
degeneration of cholinergic neurons |
|
Edrophonium
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits acetylcholine esterase |
Myasthenia Gravis
antibodies block and destroy nicotinic receptor preventing muscle contraction |
|
Pyridostigmine
|
cholinomimetic
inhibits acetylcholine esterase |
Myasthenia Gravis
antibodies block and destroy nicotinic receptor preventing muscle contraction |
|
Chantix
|
smoking cessation aid
Partial agonist at CNS nicotinic alpha4 beta2 receptors |
Nicotine addiction
consistent Nicotinic receptor activation |
|
succinylcholine
|
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
activates nicotinic receptor, depolarizing membrane and keeping it that way |
short-term muscle paralysis (breathing tube insertion)
|
|
vecuronium
|
non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Competitive antagonist at nicotinic receptors; blocks neurotransmission at NM junction |
short-term muscle paralysis (breathing tube insertion)
|
|
pralidoxime
|
antidote
reactivates acetylcholine esterase by competing with AChE for binding of organophosphate (has phosphoryl group) |
Sarin poisoning: irreversible inhibition of acetylcholine esterase = excess acetylcholine (SOB, sweating, miosis)
|
|
atropine
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic choline receptor antagonist |
Sarin poison antidote;
prevention of motion sickness- block cholinergic neurons in vestibular center |
|
scopolamine
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic choline receptor antagonist |
prevention of motion sickness- block cholinergic neurons in vestibular center
|
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tiotropium (Spiriva)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist at M3 receptors |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
-bronchospasms want bronchodilation |
|
ipratropium (Atrovent)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist at M3 receptors |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
-bronchospasms want bronchodilation. inhaled |
|
ipratropium
nasal spray |
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist at M3 receptors |
perennial rhinitis
|
|
Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist at receptors in CNS, smooth muscle and secretory glands |
IBS- GI contractions are stronger and longer than normal
|
|
hyosyamine (Levsin)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist at receptors in CNS, smooth muscle and secretory glands |
IBS- GI contractions are stronger and longer than normal
|
|
oxybutinin (Ditropan)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist decrease muscle tone and contraction |
overactive bladder: too much bladder muscle contraction
|
|
tolterodine (Detrol LA)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist decrease muscle tone and contraction |
overactive bladder: too much bladder muscle contraction
|
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solifenacin (Vesicare)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist decrease muscle tone and contraction |
overactive bladder: too much bladder muscle contraction
|
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trospium (sanctura)
|
anti-cholinergic
muscarinic receptor antagonist decrease muscle tone and contraction |
overactive bladder: too much bladder muscle contraction
|
|
pilocaripine (Salagen or isopto carpine)
|
cholinomimetic
agonist at muscarinic receptors |
Glaucoma: high ocular pressure
drug contricts cilliary muscle so fluid can flow out; miosis; decreased pressure |
|
Carbachol (Isopto carbachol)
|
cholinomimetic
agonist at muscarinic receptors |
Glaucoma: high ocular pressure
drug contricts cilliary muscle so fluid can flow out; miosis; decreased pressure |
|
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
|
cholinomimetic
muscarinic receptor agonist increases muscle tone and contraction |
Post-op nonobstructive urinary retention: a decrease in bladder muscle tone
|
|
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
|
cholinomimetic
muscarinic agonist increases tone |
Gastroesophageal Reflux: decreased esophagus sphincter tone
|
|
Metoclopramide (Reglan)
|
cholinomimetic
muscarinic agonist increases GI motility |
Diabetic Gastroparesis: delayed gastric emptying time
|
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Isoproterenol
|
adrenergic non-selective beta 1 and beta 2 agonist
|
Cardiac arrest/shock: hypotension
Drug increases HR and force of contraction, relaxes brochial, GI muscle, vasodilation |
|
Dobutamine
|
adrenergic beta 1 selective agonist
|
Heart disease with suppressed contractility
Post-cardiac surgery for pts needed ionotropic support Drug increases HR and force of contraction |
|
Epinephrine (Epi-pen)
|
non-selective alpha1/2 beta1/2 agonist
|
Anaphylactic shock
beta 1: increase HR and force beta 2: brochodilation alpha: increased PVR |
|
Norepinephrine
|
alpha1/2 beta 1 agonist
|
Hypotension
alpha: increased PVR beta 1: increase HR and force |
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Ephedrine
|
alpha 1/2 beta 1/2 agonist
|
Hypotension
enhances relase of NE from sympathetic neurons |
|
Moclobemide
|
MAO-A inhibitor
selectively inhibits MAO-A in CNS to increase CNS levels of DA, NE and 5-HT |
Depression
|
|
Befloxatone
|
MAO-A inhibitor
selectively inhibits MAO-A in CNS to increase CNS levels of DA, NE and 5-HT |
Depression
|
|
Toloxatone
|
MAO-A inhibitor
selectively inhibits MAO-A in CNS to increase CNS levels of DA, NE and 5-HT |
Depression
|
|
Entacapone
|
adjunt therapy to levadopa/ carbidopa therapy
Inhibits peripheral COMT |
Parkinson's Disease: loss of DA neurons from sub. nigra
|
|
Selegiline
|
MAO-B inhibitor
Selectively inhibit CNS MAO-B to increase DA levels |
Parkinson's Disease: loss of DA neurons from sub. nigra
|
|
Amphetamine (Adderall)
|
Stimulant
Reverses NE and DA reuptake transporters |
ADHD
|
|
Methylphenidate
|
indirect sympathomimetic
blocks NE and DA transporters |
ADHD
|
|
Oxymetazoline
|
adrenergic alpha 1/2 agonist
|
Nasal congestion: arterioles are dialated
activates alpha receptors in arterioles and causes vasoconstriction |
|
Phenylephrine
|
adrenergic alpha 1 agonist
|
Nasal congestion: arterioles are dialated
activates alpha receptors in arterioles and causes |
|
Clonidine
|
adrenergic alpha 2 agonist
|
Hypertension
(also ADHD and drug withdrawl) drug decreases sympathetic outflow; less NE relase |
|
Guanfacine
|
adrenergic alpha 2 agonist
|
Hypertension
(also ADHD and drug withdrawl) drug decreases sympathetic outflow; less NE relase |
|
Phenoxybenzamine
|
anti-adrenergic
blocks alpha 1/2. antagonist. irreversible |
Pheochromocytoma: tumor of adrenal gland causing increased NE and Epi secretion
|
|
Doxazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker. antagonist |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: high activation of alpha1, increased contraction of prostate
Drug decreases contraction, and prostate urethral resistance |
|
Prazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker. antagonist |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: high activation of alpha1, increased contraction of prostate
Drug decreases contraction, and prostate urethral resistance |
|
Terazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker. antagonist |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: high activation of alpha1, increased contraction of prostate
Drug decreases contraction, and prostate urethral resistance |
|
Alfuzosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker. antagonist |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: high activation of alpha1, increased contraction of prostate
Drug decreases contraction, and prostate urethral resistance |
|
Tamsulosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker. antagonist |
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: high activation of alpha1, increased contraction of prostate
Drug decreases contraction, and prostate urethral resistance |
|
Phentolamine
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1/2 blocker |
Hypertension
Drug causes vasodilation & decreases PVR |
|
Doxazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker |
Hypertension
drug causes vasodilation & decreases PVR |
|
Prazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker |
Hypertension
drug causes vasodilation & decreases PVR |
|
Terazosin
|
anti-adrenergic
alpha 1 blocker |
Hypertension
drug causes vasodilation & decreases PVR |
|
Where are pregangalionic cell bodies located in the Sympathetic nervous system?
|
Spinal cord
Thoracic (1-3) Lumbar (4) |
|
|
Where are pregangalionic cell bodies located in the Parasympathetic nervous system?
|
Spinal cord: Sacral (1-4)
Brainstem: Cranial (3.7.9.10) |
|
|
Where are postganglionic cell bodies located in sympathetic nervous system?
|
Ganglia: paravertebral or prevertebral
|
|
|
Where are postganglionic cell bodies located in parasympathetic nervous system?
|
Wall of target organ
|
|
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What are the lengths of pre and post ganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system?
|
Pre: short
ACh Post: Long NE |
|
|
What are the lengths of pre and post ganglionic neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system?
|
Pre: long
ACh post: short ACh |
|
|
What is the RDS of ACh synthesis?
|
CHT: choline transport/uptake
|
|
|
Beta adrenergic receptors are coupled to?
|
GPCR: G alpha s = increase adenyl cyclase activity
|
|
|
Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors are coupled to?
|
GPCR: G alpha q = increase phospholipase C
|
|
|
Alpha 2 adrenergic receptros are coupled to?
|
GPCR: G alpha i = decrease adenyl cyclase activity
|
|
|
Nicotinic ACh receptors are what kind of receptor?
|
Ligand gated ion channel
|
|
|
Muscarinic ACh receptors 1,3,5 are coupled to?
|
G alpha q = increased phospholipase c
|
|
|
Muscarinic ACh receptors 2,4 are coupled to?
|
G alpha i = decreased adenyl cyclase activity
|
|
|
Baroreceptors are activated by ______ blood pressure and inhibit the _______ nervous system
|
high
sympathetic |
|
|
activation of the ____ adrenergic receptor causes vasoconstriction
|
alpha 1 (Gaq)
|
|
|
activation of the _____ adrenergic receptor causes vasodilation
|
beta 2 (Gas inhibits myosin light chain kinase)
|
|
|
Affinity:
Beta 1 : Epi ___ NE |
=
|
|
|
Affinity:
Beta 2 : Epi ___ NE |
>>>>>>
Much more affinity for epinephrine |
|
|
Affinity:
alpha 1/2 : Epi ___ NE |
>
slightly more affinity for epinephrine |
|
|
DUMBBELSS
Activation of the ____? |
diarrhea. urination. miosis. bronchoconstriction. bradycardia. excitation of skeletal muscle. lacrimation. salivation. sweating.
Cholinergic/ parasympathetic |
|
|
Anti- DUMBBELSS
Activation of ? |
constipation. urinary retention. midriasis (dilation). bronchodilation. tachycardia. N/a. dry eyes. dry mouth. dry skin.
Adrenergic/ sympathomimetic |
|
|
alpha 1 causes mucle?
|
contraction
|
|
|
Activation of ____ adrenergic receptor typically causes muscle contraction
|
alpha 1
|
|