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16 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
The individual automatically comes to a conclusion about an incident without the facts to support it, or even sometimes despite contrindicatory evidence to suport it.
Arbitrary Inference
Two months ago, Mrs. B. sent a wedding gift to the daughter of an old friend. She has not yet received acknowledgment of the gift. Mrs. B. thinks, "They obviously think I have poor tasts."
Arbitrary Inference
Sweeping conclusions are overgeneralizations made based on one incident - a type of "all or nothing" kind of thinking.
Overgeneralations (absolute thinking)
Frank submitted an article to a nursing journal and it was rejected. Frank thinks, "No journal will will ever be interested in anythink I write."
Overgeneralations (absolute thinking)
An individual who ciews situations in terms of all-or-nothing, black-or-white, or good-or-bad.
Dichotomous thinking
Frank submits an article to a nursing hournal and the editor returens it an asks Frank to reqrite parts of it. Frank thinkis, "I'm a bad writer," instead of recognizing that revision is a common part of the publication process.
Dichotomous thinking
A conclusion that is based on only a selected portion of the evidence. The selected portion is usually the negative evidence or what the individual views as a failure, rather than any successes that have occured
Selective abstraction (mental filter)
Jackie graduated from high school with a 3.98/4.00 GPA. She won a scholarship to the large state university near her home. She was active in sports and activites in high school and well liked by all her peers. However, she is very depressed and dwells on the fact that she did not earn a scholarship to a prestigious Ivy league college to which she applied.
Selective abstraction (mental filter)
Exagerating the negative signifiacne of an event.
Magnification
Babct gears tgat ger cooleague ar work is having a cocktail party overy the weekend and she is not invited. Nancy thinks, "She doesn't like me."
Magnification
Undervaluing the positivie significance of an event.
Minimization
Mrs. M. is feeling lonely. She calls her granddaughter Amy, who lives in a nearby town, and invites her to visit. Amy apologizes that she must go out of town on business. While Amy is out of town, she calls Mrs. M. twice, but Mrs. M. still feels unloved by her granddaughter.
Minimization
Alwaysthinking that the worst will occur without considering the possibility of more likely positive outcomes.
Catastrophic thinking
On Janet's first day in her secretarial job, her boss asked her to write a letter to another firm and put it on his desk for his signature. She did and left for lunch. When she returned, the letter was on her desk with a typographical error circled in and a note from her boss to redo the letter. Janet thinks, "This is it! I surely will be fired now!"
Catastrophic thinking
The person takes complete responsibility for situations without considering that other circumstances may have contributed to the outcome.
Personalization
Jack, who sells vacuum clearbers door-to-door, has just given a two-hour demonstration to Mrs. W. At the end of the demonstration, Mrs. W tells Jack that she appreciates his demonstration, but she won't be purchasing a vacuum cleaner from him. Jack thinks, "I'm a lousy salesman" (when in fact, Mrs. W's husband lost his job last week and they have no extra money for a new vacuum)
Personalization