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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Histamine is metabolized by the enzymes |
Monoamine oxidase and diamine oxidase |
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Excess production of histamine can be detected by it's major metabolite |
Imidazole acetic acid |
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H1 antagonist drugs |
Diphenhydramine Promethazine Chlorpheniramine Meclizine |
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Diphenhydramine |
Widley used otc drug, prototype |
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Promethazine |
Some alpha blockade and Local anesthetic action |
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Chlorpheniramine |
CNS stimulation |
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Meclizine |
Highly effective in motion sickness |
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Second generation drugs do not cross blood brain and therefore have |
No Antimuscarinic activity No sedation No antimotion sickness |
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Second generation drugs examples |
Cetrizine Loratidine Fexofenadine |
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Which drugs have longer half life |
Second generation |
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Clinical use of h1 antagonists |
Allergies Motion sickness Diphenhydramine is used for chemotherapy induced vomitting |
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Toxicity and interactions of h1 antagonists |
Sedation -1st generation Interactions Azoles antifungal drugs - inhibit hepatic metabolism |
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H2 antagonist drugs |
Cimetidine Ranitidine Nizatidine Famotidine |
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H2 used in |
PUD GERD |
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H2 interaction |
Cimetidine is a potent inhibitor of P450 Antiandrogen effects in high doses |
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Serotonin agonists site of action and uses |
. |
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Sumatriptan |
Sumatriptan- 5ht1d. CI in patients with angina, migraine |
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Busiprone |
Busiprone- 5ht1a- anxiety |
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Which serotonin agonist can cause fatal arrhythmias? |
Cisapride |
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Serotonin Antagonists site of action and clinical uses |
. |
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Cyproheptadine and methysergide |
5HT2 Treat carcinoid syndrome |
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Ketanserin |
5HT2A Treat hypertension because of vasodilation properties |
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Ondansetron, Tropisetron, Granisetron |
5-HT3 Anti-emetic and useful in control of vomitting in chemo |
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Fluoxetine |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Anti depressant and other uses |
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What drugs antagonize platelet agregation? |
Ketanserin Ritanserin |
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Serotonin syndrome can be precipitated by the drugs |
SSRIs Second generation antidepressants Odansetron Sumatriptan |
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Serotonin syndrome symptoms |
Hypertension Hyperrefflexia Tremor Hyperthermia Hyperactive bowel sounds Diarrhea Mydriasis agitation Coma; onset within hours
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ADR of ketanserin |
Alpha blockade Alternative - Ritanserin |
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Uses of ergot alkaloids |
. |
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Effect and use of Ergotamine |
Causes marked and prolonged alpha receptor mediated vasoconstriction Used in acute attacks of migraine |
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Effect and use of Ergovine |
Produce powerful contraction in the uterus Reduction of post partum bleeding(maleate form only) Diagnosis of variant angina |
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Treatment of Hyperprolactinemia |
Bromociptine and peroglide- have cardiovascular toxicity And Cabergoline |
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Toxicity of ergotamine can cause |
Vascular effects- Prolonged vasoconstriction which can cause ischemia and gangrene GIT effects- nausea vomitting diarrhea Uterine effects- uterine contraction that rarely lead to abortion
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Methsergide is used for |
Inducing hallucinations |
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Contradictions of ergot alkaloids |
Obstructive vascular disease Symptomatic coronary disease Collagen disease Pregnancy |
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Therapy for erogtamine toxicity |
Nitroprusside |
