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108 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did the first "settlers" arrive in Australia?
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1788
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When was the commonwealth of Australia created?
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1901
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How much of Australia's wine does South Australia produce?
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50%
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What are the two organizations overseeing Australian wine research?
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Australian Wine Research Institute
Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organization |
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What are common viticulture/vinification techniques in Australia?
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No pruning (which limits vigor)
Mechanical harvesting Night harvests Irrigation Blending Cultured yeasts Acdification Micro-oxygenation |
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What makes irrigation a challenge in Australia?
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High saline soils
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What is the ratio of big to small winemakers in Australia as of 2008?
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14 out of 2300 wineries produced 70% of Australian production
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Is Penfolds Grange a single vineyard wine?
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No. Often blended across several states
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What recent vintages in Australia have had drought issues?
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2003, 2006-2009
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What regulates the wine industry in Australia?
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The Australian Wine and Brandy Corporation, established in 1981
In 2010 changed name to Wine Australia |
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When was the Label Integrity Program introduced in Australia?
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1990
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According to the LIP what are the percentage requirements for grape, year and region?
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85%
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How did the LIP change in 2010?
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Prior to 2010 if a producer wanted to include grape, year or region it must list all grapes/years/regions, in descending order of importance
Now all vintages must be listed, but only those varieties composing the 85% of the wine need to be on the label, as long as the listed varietal is not less than an unlisted one |
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How does Australia's GI system break down into?
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Super Zone
State Zone Region Subregion |
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How does Wine Australia define regions and sub-regions?
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Single tracts of land with at least five independently owned vineyards with at least 5 hectares apice and a min 500 tons of wine grapes annually
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What makes up the South Eastern Australia Super Zone?
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Victoria
Tasmania New South Wales Portions of South Australia and Queensland |
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When were the first vineyards planted in New South Wales?
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1788
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What are the Zones of New South Wales?
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Big Rivers
Central Ranges Hunter Valley Northern Rivers Northern Slopes South Coast Southern New South Wales Western Plains |
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What are the regions in the Big Rivers Zone in NSW?
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Murray Darling
Perricoota Riverina Swan Hill |
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What are the regions in the Central Ranges Zone in NSW?
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Cowra
Mudgee Orange |
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What are the regions in the Hunter Valley Zone in NSW?
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Hunter
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What are the regions in the Northern Rivers Zone in NSW?
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Hastings River
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What are the regions in the Northern Slopes Zone in NSW?
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New England Australia
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What are the regions in the South Coast Zone in NSW?
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Shoalhaven Coast
Southern Highlands |
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What are the regions in the Southern New South Wales Zone in NSW?
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Canberra District
Tumbarumba Hilltops Gundagai |
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What are the regions in the Western Plains Zone in NSW?
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None
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What is significant about Riverina Region in Australia?
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Heavy irrigation area producing most of Australia's jug wine
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What is significant about Hunter Region in Australia?
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One of Australia's most important GIs
Viticulture dates back to 1830 When Napoleon III finished the 1885 Paris Exhibition closing ceremonies |
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What is the terrior of Hunter Region in Australia?
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Subtropical climate with high humidity, rain and wind
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What are the most planted varieties in Hunter Region?
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Chardonnay
Semillion Verdelho Shiraz Cabernet Sauvignon |
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What is the climate and typical wine of Canberra District region in Australia?
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Continental
Shiraz |
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What is the climate and typical wine of Tumburumba Region in Australia?
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Alpine
Sparkling wine from Pinot Noir and Chardonnay |
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What is the climate of Victoria State?
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Maritime, with sea breezes from Antartica
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What are the zones of Victoria?
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Central Victoria
Gippsland North East Victoria North West Victoria Port Phillip Western Victoria |
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What is the one region without a zone in Victoria?
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Grampains
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What are the regions of Central Victoria Zone?
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Bendingo
Goulburn Valley Heathcote Strathbogie Ranges Upper Goulburn |
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What are the regions of Gippsland Zone?
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None
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What are the regions of North East Victoria Zone?
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Alpine Valleys
Beechworth Glenrowan King Valley Rutherglen |
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What are the regions of North West Victoria Zone?
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Murray Darling
Swan Hill |
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What are the regions of Port Phillip Zone?
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Geelong
Macedon Ranges Mornington Peninsula Sunbury Yarra Valley |
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What are the regions of Western Victoria Zone?
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Henty
Pyrenees |
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What are the typical grapes found in the more coastal areas of Victora State?
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Pinot Noir
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What are the typical grapes found in Yarra Valley Region?
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Pinot Noir
Chardonnay Shiraz (cofermented with Viognier) Cabernet Sauvignon Shiraz |
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What are the soil types of Yarra Valley Region?
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Grey brown sandy clay
Red volcanic soils |
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What are the typical grapes of Mornington Penninsula Region?
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Pinot Noir
Pinot Gris Chardonnay |
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What is significant about the Thabilk Winery? Where is it located?
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Ungrafted Shiraz from the 1860s
Oldest Marsanne vines in Australia Nagambie Lakes subregion of the Goulburn Valley Region |
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What is significant about the Rutherglen and Glenrowan regions in the NE Victoria Zone?
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Famous for sweet fortified wines
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What are the types of fortified wines from Rutherglen and Glenrowan
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Tokay from Muscadelle (will be known as Topaque by 2020)
Brown Muscat (Petit Grains Rouge) from Rutherglen (older ones have a rancio character) |
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What is the classification system for the Muscat of Rutherglen Network?
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Muscat (2-5 yrs, 180-240 g/l)
Classic Muscat (5-10 yrs, 200-270 g/l) Grand Muscat (10-15 yrs, 270-400 g/l) Rare Muscat (20+ yrs, 270-400 g/l) |
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What are the sub-zones of the Adelaide Superzone?
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Barossa
Fleurieu Mount Lofty Ranges |
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What are the Zones of South Australia?
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Adelaide Superzone
Barossa Far North Fleurieu Limestone Coast Lower Murray Mount Lofty Ranges The Peninsulas |
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What are the regions of Barossa Zone?
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Barossa Valley
Eden Valley |
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What are the regions of Far North Zone?
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Southern Flinders Ranges
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What are the regions of Fleurieu Zone?
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Currency Creek
Kangaroo Island McLaren Vale Southern Fleurieu |
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What are the regions of Limestone Coast Zone?
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Coonawarra
Mount Benson Padthaway Robe Wrattonbully Mount Gambier |
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What are the regions of Lower Murray Zone?
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Riverland
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What are the regions of Mount Lofty Ranges Zone?
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Adelaide Hills
Adelaide Plains Claire Valley |
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What are the regions of The Peninsulas Zone?
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None
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What is the major grape of Coonawarra Region? What is its style?
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Cabernet Sauvignon
Elegant, soft tannins, red fruit, and eucalyptus |
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What is the famous soil of Coonawarrra Region?
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Terra rossa
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What is the climate of Fleurieu Zone?
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Mediterranean, tempered by Southern Ocean currents and lake effect from Lake Alexandrina
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What is the most important region in Fleurieu Zone? What are its wines?
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McLaren Vale Region
Cab and Rhone varietals |
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What region provides classic examples of Australian Riesling?
What makes it appropriate for Riesling? |
Clare Valley Region in Mount Lofty Ranges Zone
High altitude, west facing slopes cooled by afternoon breezes and low night temps Limestone and slate soils |
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What are the characteristics of Barossa Shiraz?
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Some vines 150 years old
Opaque, dense, heavily extracted, full of dark chocolate and fruit American oak hogsheads (300L) |
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What are the Zones of Western Australia State?
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Central Western Australia
Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australian Greater Perth South West Australia Western Australian South East Coastal |
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What are the Regions of Central Western Australia Zone?
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None
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What are the Regions of Eastern Plains, Inland & North of Western Australia Zone?
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None
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What are the Regions of Greater Perth Zone?
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Peel
Perth Hills Swan District |
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What are the Regions of South West Australia Zone?
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Blackwood Valley
Geographe Great Southern Manjimup Margaret River Pemberton |
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What are the Regions of West Australia South East Coastal Zone?
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None
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What is the most famous region in Western Australia State? What varietals does it produce?
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Margaret River
Chardonnay Semillion Sauvignon Blanc Cabernet Sauvignon |
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What are the Zones of Queensland State?
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None, however it does have two regions - Granite Belt and South Burnett
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What are the Zones of Tasmania State?
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None
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Who was James Busby?
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British minister involved in early viticultural efforts in NSW and planted French and Spanish cuttings in Northland
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Who was Romeo Bragato?
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An Austrian viticulturist from Victoria who identified many of New Zealand's modern wine regions and educated growers on resistant rootsock
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What was 6 o'clock swill?
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Practice of closing pubs in Australia and New Zealand in WWI at 6 PM. Lasted until 1967 in NZ
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What was the effect of prohibition movements on NZ wine?
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Planting low quality and hybrid grapes resistant to phylloxera, many of which could be used for table grapes
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What was the most planted grape in NZ in 1960?
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Albany Surprise
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When did restaurants get the right to sell a glass of wine? Wineries? When did the last part of temperance get removed from NZ?
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1960
1976 1990 |
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How much did NZ expand its wine industry from 1960 to 2008?
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400 ha to 29,000 ha
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When was Marlborough's first vineyard established? It's first Sauvignon Blanc released?
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1973
1979 |
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What was the iconic NZ SB that put it on the map?
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Cloudy Bay, launched in 1985
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How much of NZ's vineyards are located in Marlborough? How much of NZ is devoted to SB?
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In 2008, over 1/2 were in Marlborough and nearly 1/2 was devoted to SB
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What are the major varietals of New Zealand?
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Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir Chardonnay Pinot Gris Merlot Riesling Cabernet Sauvignon Gewurztraminer |
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What are the major climatic influences on the South Island of New Zealand?
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Farthest South winemaking region in the world.
Divided by the Southern Alps which creates a rainshadow from the Tasman Sea Abundant sunshine hours |
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What are the major climatic influences on the North Island of New Zealand?
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Latitude comparable to Jerez, but climate often compared to Bordeaux
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What is New Zealand Winegrowers?
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Organization formed in 2002 by the Grape Growers Council and the NZ Wine Institute
Presents a unified face for NZ wine |
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What was the first commercial NZ wine to be released under screwcap?
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Kim Crawford
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What is the status of NZ wine law?
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In progress. Only standards truly in place are in line with European standards calling for a minimum 85% of stated varietal and vintage
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What are the major wine regions of NZ North Island?
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Northland
Auckland Waikato/Bay of Plenty Gisborne Hawkes Bay Wellington (Wairarapa) |
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Where is the North Island's production centered?
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Gisborne
Hawkes Bay Wairarapa |
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What are the varietals of Hawkes Bay?
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Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc Pinto Gris Merlot Cabernet Sauvignon Pinot Noir Cabernet Franc |
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What is Gimblett Gravels?
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Area of deep shingle soils in Hawkes Bay
Reputatin for good Syrah and Bordeaux-style blends |
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What is another name for Gisborne?
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Poverty Bay
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What are the grapes of Gisborne?
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Chardonnay
Gewurztraminer |
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What are the grapes of Wellington?
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Pinot Noir
Sauvignon Blanc |
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What is another name for Wellington?
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Wairarapa
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What are the wine regions of New Zealand's South Island?
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Nelson
Marlborough Canterbury Central Otago |
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What is the paradox of Nelson wine region?
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South Island's sunniest wine-producing region, but also the rainiest
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What are the major varietals of Nelson?
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Chardonnay
Sauvignon Blanc Riesling Pinot Noir |
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How big is Marlborough?
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10,000 ha of Sauvignon Blanc alone
Produces over 1/2 the country's wine |
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What are the varietals of Marlborough?
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Sauvignon Blanc
Pinot Noir Chardonnay Pinot Gris Riesling |
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What are the major subregions of Marlborough from N to S?
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Wairau Valley
Southern Valleys Awatere Valley |
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What is the soil of Marlborough?
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Sandy alluvial loam over gravel
Some sites are more water-retentive and produce a more herbaceous character |
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What is the fastest growing wine region in New Zealand?
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Canterbury, just south of Marlborough
Mainly due to the success of Waipara Valley in the north |
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What are the major varietals of Canterbury?
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Pinot Noir
Riesling Chardonnay Sauvignon Blanc |
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What is unique about Central Otago?
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World's most southern wine region
Highest in altitude Only region in NZ with a continental climate |
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What are the major varietals for Central Otago?
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Pinot Noir
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