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104 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Augustus' birth
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63 BCE
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Caesar's assassination
adoption of Octavian |
44 BCE
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Octavian allied with Senate against Antony
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43 BCE
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Battle of Mutina
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43 BCE
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Augustus' first consulship
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43 BCE
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Formation of Second Triumvirate
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43 BCE
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Proscriptions
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43 BCE
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Battle of Philippi
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42 BCE
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Perusian War
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41-40
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Treaty of Brundisium
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40 BCE
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Treaty of Misenum
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39 BCE
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Marriage of Octavian and Livia
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38 BCE
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Defeat of Sextus Pompey
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36 BCE
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Lepidus disgraced
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36 BCE
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Antony's loss to Parthians
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36 BCE
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Donations of Alexandria
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34 BCE
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Antony divorces Octavia
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32 BCE
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Battle of Actium
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31 BCE
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Suicides of Antony and Cleopatra
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30 BCE
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Octavian's return to Rome and Triple Triumph
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29 BCE
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Octavian's first revision of senate
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28 BCE
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First Settlement of Principate
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28-27 BCE (26-24 Augustus in Spain)
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Marriage of Marcellus and Julia
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25 BCE
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Marcus Primus episode
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24/23 BCE
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Caepio and Murena conspiracy?
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23 BCE
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Octavian's first revision of senate
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28 BCE
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First Settlement of Principate
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28-27 BCE (26-24 Augustus in Spain)
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Marriage of Marcellus and Julia
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25 BCE
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Marcus Primus episode
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24/23 BCE
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Caepio and Murena conspiracy?
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23 BCE
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Augustus' illness
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23 BCE
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Second Settlement of Principate
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23 BCE
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Death of Marcellus
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23 BCE (Augustus in east 22-19)
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Marriage of Julia and Agrippa
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21 BCE
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Second revision of Senate
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18 BCE
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Adoption of Gaius and Lucius
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17 BCE
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Centennial Games (Ludi Saeculares)
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17 BCE (16-13 Augustus in Gaul)
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Death of Agrippa
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12 BCE
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Augustus as High Priest (pontifex maximus) after Lepidus' death
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12 BCE
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Marriage of Julia and Tiberius
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11 BCE
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Death of Drusus (Livia's son)
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9 BCE
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Death of Maecenas
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8 BCE
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Tiberius' campaigns in Germany
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8-7 BCE
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Tiberius recieves tribunician power
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6 BCE
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Retirement of Tiberius to Rhodes
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6 BCE
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Gaius named "Prince of the Youth" (princeps iuventatis)
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5 BCE
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Augustus named "Father of the Country" (pater patriae)
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2 BCE
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Julia exiled for adultery
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2 BCE
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Death of Lucius
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2 CE
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Tiberius returns to Rome
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2 CE
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Death of Gaius
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4 CE
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Adoption of Tiberius (and Agrippa Postumus)
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4 CE
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Creation of military treasury
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6 CE
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Defeat of Quinctilius Varus
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9 CE
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Tiberius made co-regent?
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13 CE
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Death of Augustus
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14 CE
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Accession of Tiberius
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14 CE
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Murder of Agrippa
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14 CE
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consul
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highest political office in republic, two consuls elected each year to serve for one year
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praetor
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elected magistrate ranking between consul and quaestor, could go on to govern certain provinces and/or stand for consulship
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dictator
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originally someone appointed in an emergency with wide powers, Julius Caesar usurped the post by making himself perpetual dictator, giving term its modern use
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Republic 509-27 BCE
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internal struggle: patricians vs plebians
external struggle: consolidation of Italy |
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pietas
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devotion to family
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Middle Republic 270-133 BCE
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Expansion in Mediterranean
influx of wealth large states and slavery increasing power of generals |
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Republican Constitution
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magistracies, assemblies, senate
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magistracies
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dictator, consuls, praetors, aediles, quaestors, tribune of plebs
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dictator
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ruled in times of crisis 6 months
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consul
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military
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praetors
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judicial
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aediles
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oversaw sacred buildings, markets
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quaestor
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treasury
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tribune of plebs
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representation of plebs
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senate
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in for life, quaestor
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assemblies
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military - vote for consuls and preachers
tribal assembly - other magistrates |
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power of senate
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there for life
magistrates interests overlapped assemblies only voted on what was sent over by senate |
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optimates
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nobility, politicians, interests of elite were best interests for Roman people, named by Cicero "the best"
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populares
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represented best interests of the people/masses
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Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
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wanted to give land to poor, went not to senate but to popular assembly, ultimately killed by opponents
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Marius
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new man that reached consulship from plebs, first in family, great general, eliminated property limitations to join army
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Sulla
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dictator (81-79 BCE) tried to strengthen rights of senate; reconstitute state; went into retirement, reforms eventually taken back
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First Triumvirate
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Caesar, Pompey, Crassus--Crassus dies, Caesar crosses Rubicon, civil war with Pompey, defeats Pompey
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Caesar
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intelligent, favors, relentless military, speaker, helpful allies, bent rules, forgave enemies, alienated optimates-->dictator for life-->month later assassinated
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Marc Antony
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83-30 BCE, consul with Caesar in 44, accommodation of assassins -- power, support, avoid civil war, Macedonia, eliminates dictatorship
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Octavian
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Caesar's will, great nephew, adoption, inheritance, Antony -- A got very little in will, Octavian got all
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Mutina
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Octavian/senate/Brutus vs. Antony
senate declares Antony outlaw, gives armies to Brutus |
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Second Triumvirate
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Octavian, Antony, Lepidus
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Proscriptions
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43 BCE, death of Cicero (right hand cut off), funding for money for war against Brutus and Cassius - money/rewards given to those who killed
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Battle of Philippi
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42 BCE, first battle - Cassius thinks Brutus has been defeated and commits suicide, next battle, Brutus defeated and commits suicide
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Treaty of Brundisium
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Antony marries Octavia, redistribution of provinces
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Treaty of Misenum
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Pompey gets 5 yr command of Sicily, Sardinia, and Achaea, then holds consulship, republican exiles restored
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Sextus Pompey
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victory of Augustus and Agrippa
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build up to Actium
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Antony: renews affairs with Cleo, loses war against Parthia, Takes Armenia, celebrates victory over Armenia
Octavian: victories in Illyricum |
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Actium
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Antony too powerful - kicked out of Trium
Augustus as undisputed ruler, cultural warrior |
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Cassius Dio
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fullest account of Aug reign, made up speeches?
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First Settlement
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annual consulship, super province of Gaul, Spain, Syria, keeps Egypt as special protectorate
honors - decorated doorpost, golden shield, king for life |
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Second settlement
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weakness of first, Marcus Primus as governor of Macedonia, Caepio and Murena's plot, Augustus ill, right to veto
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Livy
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pointed to Augustan age as time of trouble, Rome as rudderless, moral bearings lost, hope of revival of traditions
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Deified Augustus
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published as inscription on tomb, Suetonius, direction for funeral and account of reign in Res Gestae, mausoleum in Rome
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Res Gestae
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3 sections:
1) offices and honors 2)personal expenditure for public use 3)deeds in war and peace |
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Shield of Augustus
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deeds of Augustus, given by senate and people of Rome, set up in senate house
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virtues of shield
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virtus: manliness, courage
justice: for Romans, in war and foreign policy clementia: mercy, deeds, forgave enemies pietas: duty to family, state, gods |
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Sumptuary Law
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18 BCE, expenditures on dinner
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Adultery Law
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18 BCE, becomes public crime, focused on women, charges by men, banishment etc, trying to strengthen family...Julia...
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Marriage Laws
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18 BCE, regulate and encourage marriage/procreation
if divorced/widowed must remarry if not, limitations on inheritance childless etc - increase wealth and number of children in class |
