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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Causes of HL in infants
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5-10%: infection
5-15%: perinatal process 10-20%: assorted postnatal problems 30-50%: genetic |
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Prenatal Development of Auditory System
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8wks: pinna
early: EAC 20wks: cochlea 32wks: ossicles ANS not all there at birth |
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Development of Auditory Responses
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20wks: FETAL hearing demonstrated
newborn: discriminated F's and I's, rudimentary localizaion |
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How an Infant may respond to sound
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-attempt localization
-Moro's relfex -cry -change respiration/heart rate -stop moving -eye blink, grimace |
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Newborn Hearing Assessment
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-aim to screen out severe HL
-high rish register: family hx, maternal infection, low birthweight, jaundice, meningitis, ototox. meds>5days, APGAR 0-3@ 5 mins, hypotonia >2hrs birth, mech. ventilation >10days, stigmata -ABR -OAE |
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Infants 1mos-12mos Testing
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-no circumaural phones
-generalized response to sound -startle response -OAEs and ABRs (sedated for ABR), VRA/BOA/COR (look at toy when sound presented) -impedance audiometry |
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Testing in 1-5 year olds
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-important to work quickly, use developmental history
-18mos, pointing test -24 mos, identify pics 2-3 years: play audiometry 3-5 years: picutre pointing speech Threshold 3+: Nu-Chips, WIPI impedance audiometry/OAEs/ABRs -Ling 6 test |
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Ling 6 Sound Test: what is is, for whom, etc
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-for kids with identified HL
-6 phonemes that cover freq. of speech -a/u/i/s/sh/m |
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Details of School Screening Programs
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-identify new cases of HL, follow kids with known HL
-school nurse, trained volunteers -ASHA regulations: test anually from age 3-3rd grade, test 1k/2k/4kHz, 20dBHL=passing -AC only |
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Educational Audiology: details
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-employed in big cites, schools for deaf
-assess child abilities in classroom, manage/fit listening devices for school -interpret/translate child HL to teacher -help design rehab activities (work with SLP) -educate for HL prevention |
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Types of Functional HL
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Maligering: intenionally faking it. usually fake unilateral
Psychogenic/conversion/hysterical: subconsious, underlying psychological issue |
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Signs of a Functional HL
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-referred by lawyer or insurance company
-very nervous, exaggerate listening behavior, hard time hearing in "all" situations, speak at normal volume but claim severe/profound loss, inconsistant threshold tests, PTA and thresh. very different, BC poorer than AC, no cross hearing, acoutic reflexes present/<15dBabove th., OAEs present when th.>30dBhL |
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Managing Functional HL
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-say results are inconsistant
-document performance, not judgement about faking it -forensic audiology-may have to testify to results -tell kids to try harder -make sure parents are "rewarding" HL |
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Temporary Threshold Shift
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-hearing returns to normal after a few hours
-high F causes more TTS than low F -level of TTS varies between 8-16 horus of exposure before plateau |
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Permanent Threshold Shift
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-loud enough, long enough sound
-cumulative over lifetime--no plateau -noise notch notices at 3k or 6k |
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Music Related HL
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-52% Classical musicians get it
-37% rock musicians get it -related to instrument you play and those around you |
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Hearing Conservation Programs at work
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-must be in place if >85dBA
1. Assessment of Noise Exposure 2. Noise Control 3. Hearing Measurement 4. Hearing Protection 5. Education |
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Noise Dosimeter
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Wearable device to measure average noise exposed to over work shift
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