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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Attitude |
an evaluation of an object in a positive or negative fashion that includes the three elements of affect, cognition, and behavior |
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Likertscale |
is a numerical scale used to assess people’s attitudes (Measuring Attitudes) |
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Responselatency |
is the time it takes an individual to respond to a stimulus, such as an attitude question ( Measuring Attitudes ) |
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implicitattitude |
measure uses indirect measures of attitudes that do not involve self-report ( Measuring Attitudes ) |
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Why attitudes are poor predictors |
-may conflict with otherbehavioral influences. -Attitudes may be inconsistent. -Introspection may influence attitudes. -may be based on secondhandinformation. -General attitudes may not match specifictargets. -Some behaviors may be automatic. |
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Cognitive consistency theories |
-Socialpsychology theories show how people explain and rationalize behaviors -Attitudesmay be updated or altered in order to fall in line with previous behavior |
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Balance theory |
Theorythat people try to maintain a balance between their thoughts, feelings, andsentiments |
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Cognitive dissonance theory |
Theorythat inconsistencies between thoughts, feelings, and behavior create anunpleasant mental state (cognitive dissonance) that motivates mental efforts toresolve them |
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Effort justification |
Attemptsto reduce dissonance produced by the effort or cost spent to obtain somethingunpleasant or disappointing Effort→Dissonance→Rationalization |
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Inducedcompliance |
Subtlygetting people to act in ways inconsistent with their attitude-change in attitude in order to resolve dissonance |
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Resisting Forbidden Fruit |
Severethreats are a good reason to resist a behavior but may result in the behaviorseeming even more appealing |
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Self-PerceptionTheory |
Self-perceptionargues that people didn’t change their attitudes; instead they inferred theirattitudes from their behavior in the situation |
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System justificationtheory |
Theory that people are motivated to see the existing political and social status quo as desirable, fair, and legitimate |
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Terrormanagement theory |
Theory that the knowledge of mortality produces an anxiety that leads people to search for symbolic immortality |
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Mortality Salience |
-Morecommitment to ingroups and more hostility to outgroups -Increasedhostility to people who criticize one’s country -Morepunitive to people who challenge prevailing laws |
