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8 Cards in this Set

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  • Back

What are the 5 types of caregiver-infant interactions?

1. Bodily Contact


2. Mimicking


3. Reciprocity


4. Interactions Synchrony


5. Caregiverse

What is Reciprocity?

Reciprocity is when both caregiver and infant interact with one another. For example if the giver pulls a funny face then the infant will laugh.

What is interactional synchrony?

Interactional synchrony is when the caregiver and infant mirror each other's actions.

What is the Stages of Attachment study and who is it by?

The Stages of Attachment study is by Schaffer and Emerson, and it is the 60 Glaswegian baby experiment.



Schaffer and Emerson studied 60 babies in Glasgow every month for the first 18 months of their lives (longitudinal study).



Both stranger anxiety and separation anxiety were measured. They discovered that a babies Attachment develops in stages:



- Asocial Stage


- Indiscriminate Stage


- Specific Stage


- Multiple Stage

The Role of the Father

The number of mothers working full time jobs has increased which has lead to the Fathers having a more active role.



Where a mother has a caring, nurturing role, the father has a more fun, play-mate role.



Numerous factors effects the Father's role however. For example culture, Father's age, and the amount of time the father spends away from home. Until recently, men weren't meant to have direct involvement in the infants care.



The several factors makes it difficult to generalise the role of the father.


What are the 2 Animal Studies of Attachment

1. Harlow's Monkeys


2. Lorenz' Geese

Who conducts the Monkey Study in the 50's?

Animal Studies of Attachment


Harlow



From birth, a group of 16 monkeys were taken from their mothers and raised in isolation until they were aged 8 months old.



In the cages they were placed in, there were 2 surrogate mothers. One was made of wire and the other was made of a wooden block with towelling fabric around it.



8 monkeys could get milk from the Wire monkey whilst 8 monkeys could get milk from the Cloth monkey.



Both groups of monkeys spent more time with the cloth mother. The infants who got food from the wire monkey would only go to it when it needed feeding. Once fed, they would return to the cloth mother.



Compared to monkeys raised in natural habitats with biological mothers, the monkeys Harlow experimented on were:



- timid


- didn't know how to act around other monkeys


- mating difficulty


- females were inadequate mothers



These behaviours were seen in only the monkeys who experienced more than 90 days with the surrogate mothers. The monkeys who had experienced less than 90 days with the surrogate mothers could be placed in a normal environment and reverse the psychological harm they had endured.

Bowlby's Monotropic Theory

Bowlby believed that Attachment is important for child's survival.



A child has an innate need to attach to one main figure. This is called monotropy.