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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How is ATP classified?
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As a specialized nucleotide and consists of three parts:
1. adenine base 2. ribose sugar 3. phosphate groups |
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What does the term adenosine refer to?
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To the adenine base and the ribose sugar bonded together.
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Why do the three phosphate groups tend to repel each other?
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There is a net negative charge on each PO4 group and this renders ATP relatively unstable.
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ATP hydrolysis occurs as a spontaneous reaction. TRUE/FALSE
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TRUE.
The chemical equation is represented by: ATP + H2O (ATPase)-----ADP+ P(i)(inorganic phosphate group) + free energy |
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What is the function of the ATPase?
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It binds an ATP molecule to itself with a very specific fit.
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What is the function of water in any hydrolysis reaction?
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In hydrolysis(water splitting) reactions, a water molecule is used to cleave a single covalent bond. In this reaction, it cleaves the covalent bond linking the terminal phosphate group to the 2nd phosphate group.
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What exactly happens during the above process?
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1. Water is split into a hydroxyl(OH-) and a H atom.
2. The hydroxyl group binds to the phosphorous atom in the terminal P group, while the H binds to the O2 atom on the second PO4 group. 3. A more stable molecule called adenosine diphosphate(ADP) is formed as a result of the decreased repulsion between the PO4 groups. 4. The free P group often is transferred to another substrate or to an enzyme. |
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Does breaking chemical bonds release energy?
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Generally yes. However, during a chemical reaction, the formation of new chemical bonds into a more stable product, also results in the production of some energy.
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ATP has a special high energy phosphate bond between the 2nd and the terminal PO4 group. TRUE/FALSE
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Not true. This bond location is a covalent bond. This link requires energy to be broken. Bonds are a force that hold atoms together so an input of energy is necessary to break this bond.
The three PO4 groups in ATP are all linked together by these covalent bonds which are strong. They represent shared pairs of electrons. |
