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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Atoms
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Smallest particles of an element that retain the chemical identity of the element
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smallest
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proton
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positive (1+)
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+
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neutron
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none (neutral)
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neutral
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electron
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negative(1-)
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-
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atomic number
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atom has no net electrical charge, the number of electrons it contains must equal the number of protons
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electrons = protons
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mass number
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total number of protons plus neutrons in the atom
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protons + neutrons
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isotopes
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same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
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atomic weight
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average atomic mass of each element
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group 1A
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alkali metals
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Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
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group 2A
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alkaline earth metal
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Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
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group 6A
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chalcogens
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O, S, Se, Te, Po
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group 7A
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halogens
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F, Cl, Br, I, At
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group 8A
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noble gases (or rare gases)
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He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
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molecular compounds
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compounds are composed of molecules and contain more than one type of atom
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H20
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molecular formulas
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indicate the actual numbers and types of atoms in a molecule
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H2O2
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empirical formulas
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chemical formulas that give only the relative number of atoms of each type (smallest possible whole-number ratio)
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HO
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ion
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electrons are removed from or added to neutral atom
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cation
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ion with a positive charge
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+
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anion
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ion with negatively charge
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-
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+, 2+, 3+
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mean net charge resulting from the loss of one, two, & three electrons
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-, 2-, 3-
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net charges resulting from the gain of one, two, and three electrons
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metal atoms
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tend to lose electrons to form cations
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nonmetal atoms
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tend to gain electrons to form anions
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anything that occupies space and has mass
(solid, liquid and gaseous state), less tangible |
Matter
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bones and teeth (have definite shape and volume
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Solid
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blood plasma have definite volume
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Liquid
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air we breath (no shape or volume)
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Gas
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defined as the capacity to do work, or to put matter into motion
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Energy
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