Atmosphere Control For Subs Atcon

Front 1

1. What is the purpose of routine atmosphere analysis?

Back 1

- To maintain the air in the submarine’s submerged atmosphere as close as practicable to a normal atmosphere

Front 2

2. How are gases physically processed by the body?

Back 2

- Adsorption- Absorption- Ionization

Front 3

3. What is the definition of adsorption?

Back 3

- Adhesion of the molecules of a gas, liquid or dissolved substance to a surface.

Front 4

4. What is the definition of Absorption?

Back 4

- The process of taking in or assimilating

Front 5

5. What is the definition of Ionization?

Back 5

- The process of losing or gaining an electron to form ions.

Front 6

6. What evaporates or vaporizes quickly, such as alcohol or Freon?

Back 6

- Volatile material

Front 7

7. What is the definition of Halocarbon?

Back 7

- A hydrocarbon, either aliphatic or aromatic, containing a halogen.

Front 8

8. What do NAVOSH permissible exposure criteria refer to?

Back 8

- Refer to airborne concentrations of substances in the industrial environment to which personnel can be exposed for an 8 hr 5 day work week without adverse effects.

Front 9

9. In what three aspects does a submarine’s atmosphere differ from that in nature?

Back 9

- Greater variability in oxygen and carbon dioxide - Presence of a wide range of organic and inorganic contaminants including aerosols, gases and vapors - Potential problem associated with the inherent toxicity of various substances

Front 10

10. What is submarine atmosphere contamination effects based upon?

Back 10

- Length of exposure – Concentration - Solubility of contaminant in body fluids and tissue proliferation - Type of gas or toxic medium

Front 11

11. What are the different classifications of atmosphere contaminats?

Back 11

- Irritants- Asphyxiants- Anesthetics and narcotics- Systemic poisons

Front 12

12. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Back 12

- 1 hr; 30 TORR, 4% - 24 hr; 30 TORR, 4% - 90 day; 3.8 TORR, .05%

Front 13

13. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for carbon monoxide (CO)?

Back 13

- 1 hr; 304 millitorr, 400 ppm - 24 hr; 38.2 millitorr, 50 ppm- 90 day; 15.2 millitorr, 20 ppm

Front 14

14. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for hydrogen (H)?

Back 14

- 1 hr, 24 hr, 90 day; 7.6 TORR, 1%, 10000 ppm

Front 15

15. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for oxygen (O2)?

Back 15

- 1 hr; 130-220 TORR, 30%, 130-220 mmHg - 24 hr, 90 day; 130-160 TORR, 21%, 130-160 mmHg

Front 16

16. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for R-11?

Back 16

- 1 hr; 38 millitorr, 2000 ppm- 24 hr; 15.2 millitorr, 20 ppm- 90 day; 3.8 millitor, 5 ppm

Front 17

17. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for R-12?

Back 17

- 1 hr; 1520 millitorr, 2000 ppm- 24 hr; 760 millitorr, 1000 ppm- 90 day; 76 millitorr, 100 ppm

Front 18

18. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for R-114?

Back 18

- 1 hr; 1520 millitorr, 2000 ppm- 24 hr; 760 millitorr, 1000 ppm- 90 day; 76 millitorr, 100 ppm

Front 19

19. What are the 1 hour, 24 hour, and 90 day atmosphere control limits for R-134?

Back 19

- 1 hr; 1520 millitorr, 2000 ppm- 24 hr; 760 millitorr, 1000 ppm- 90 day; 76 millitorr, 100 ppm

Front 20

20. Trace contaminant hydrocarbons are broken down into what two groups?

Back 20

- Aromatics- Aliphatics

Front 21

21. Which trace contaminant hydrocarbon group is the most important because of their acute and chronic toxicity after initial exposure?

Back 21

- Aromatics

Front 22

22. Aromatics make up what percent of trace contaminants in the submarine atmosphere?

Back 22

- 25% to 35%

Front 23

23. Sufficient exposure to aliphatics can be very toxic to what organ?

Back 23

- Liver

Front 24

24. How are personnel usually exposed to trace contaminant halocarbons?

Back 24

- Inhalation or absorption

Front 25

25. What effects do trace contaminant halocarbons have on personnel?

Back 25

- Dizziness, headache and nervous system symptoms - Extreme amounts can cause death

Front 26

26. What solvents are allowed onboard a submarine?

Back 26

- Only those listed in appendix (A) of the ACM

Front 27

27. Who must approve cleaning agents that are not listed on the approved list in the ACM?

Back 27

- NAVSEA

Front 28

28. When is painting while underway allowed?

Back 28

- Only when ship is surfaced after last dive on return from patrol

Front 29

29. How are silicone products handled onboard a submarine?

Back 29

- Products containing silicone should not be allowed onboard

Front 30

30. What type of odor does ozone have?

Back 30

- Sulfur like odor

Front 31

31. How are ozone contaminants produced?

Back 31

- Produced by electrical equipment and electrostatic precipitators

Front 32

32. What kind of effects can ozone contaminants cause?

Back 32

- life threatening broncospasms

Front 33

33. What is the largest source of atmosphere contaminant and health risk?

Back 33

- Tobacco smoke

Front 34

34. Is oxygen heavier or lighter than air?

Back 34

- Heavier

Front 35

35. What is the definition of hypoxia?

Back 35

- Insufficient supply of oxygen

Front 36

36. What effects do personnel have from hypoxia?

Back 36

- Impaired night vision- Decreased mental alertness- Dizziness - All of which can progress to convulsions and death

Front 37

37. When does oxygen poisoning occur?

Back 37

- When O2 concentrations exceed 380 TORR

Front 38

38. What effects do personnel have from O2 poisoning?

Back 38

- Mild discomfort during deep inhalation- Progression to painful inhalation and lung damage

Front 39

39. What are the characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO2)?

Back 39

- Heavier than air- Asphyxiant

Front 40

40. What effects do personnel have from short term CO2 exposure?

Back 40

- Minor perceptive changes- Usually resolve after removal from environment

Front 41

41. What effects do personnel have from long term CO2 exposure?

Back 41

- Impaired mental functions- Slowing of physical abilities

Front 42

42. In what range of CO2 exposure do impairment of mental functions and slowing of physical abilities happen?

Back 42

- .8 to 3%

Front 43

43. What are the characteristics of carbon monoxide (CO)?

Back 43

- Lighter than air

Front 44

44. What effects do personnel have from CO exposure?

Back 44

- Headache- Dizziness- Nausea- Collapse- Death

Front 45

45. What are the characteristics of hydrogen (H)?

Back 45

- Lighter than air- Asphyxiant- Explosive

Front 46

46. How are hydrogen gases generated onboard a submarine?

Back 46

- Generated by battery charge, O2 generator, sea water mixed with battery acid

Front 47

47. What are the characteristics of refrigerants?

Back 47

- Heavier than air- Asphyxiant

Front 48

48. What are the different groups/categories of medical and toxicological trace contaminates?

Back 48

- Halogens- Hydrocarbons- Toxics

Front 49

49. What are the characteristics of chlorine?

Back 49

- Heavier than air

Front 50

50. What is chlorine used for onboard a submarine?

Front 51

51. What effects do personnel have from chlorine exposure?

Back 51

- Irritant to eyes, skin and mucous membranes

Front 52

52. What are the characteristics of acetylene?

Back 52

- Lighter than air- Asphyxiant

Front 53

53. What effects do personnel have from acetylene exposure?

Back 53

- In small concentrations, has a narcotic effect- Dizziness, headache, mild gastric symptoms

Front 54

54. What are the characteristics of freons?

Back 54

- Heavier than air- Asphyxiant

Front 55

55. What are the characteristics of diesel fuel?

Back 55

- Heavier than air- Toxic

Front 56

56. What are the characteristics of methane?

Back 56

- Lighter than air

Front 57

57. What are the characteristics of nitrogen dioxide?

Back 57

- Heavier than air- Toxic

Front 58

58. What are the characteristics of hydrogen sulfide?

Back 58

- Heavier than air- Toxic

Front 59

59. What do hydrogen sulfide contaminates smell like?

Back 59

- Concentrations below 200 ppm, smells like rotten eggs

Front 60

60. What effects do personnel have from hydrogen sulfide exposure?

Back 60

- Nausea- Dizziness- Belching- Slight gastric distress

Front 61

61. What are the characteristics of sulfur dioxide?

Back 61

- Heavier than air- Toxic

Front 62

62. What effects do personnel have from sulfur dioxide exposure?

Back 62

- Effects respiratory tract causing;- Edema- Respiratory complications

Front 63

63. What are the characteristics of hydrocyanic acid?

Back 63

- Lighter than air- Asphyxiant

Front 64

64. What do hydrocyanic acid contaminates smell like?

Back 64

- Bitter almonds

Front 65

65. What are the characteristics of hydrogen chloride?

Back 65

- Heavier than air- Irritant- Toxic

Front 66

66. Hydrogen chloride is irritating to what organs?

Back 66

- Lungs and skin

Front 67

67. What can high concentrations of hydrogen chloride cause?

Back 67

- Pulmonary edema

Front 68

68. What are the characteristics of hydrogen fluoride?

Back 68

- Heavier than air- Irritant- Toxic

Front 69

69. Hydrogen fluoride is severely corrosive to what organ?

Back 69

- Skin

Front 70

70. What can extreme exposure of hydrogen fluoride cause?

Back 70

- Congestion of lungs followed by circulatory collapse

Front 71

71. What are the characteristics of benzene?

Back 71

- Heavier than air- Toxic

Front 72

72. Benzene targets what organs?

Back 72

- Blood forming organs

Front 73

73. What are the different techniques used in atmosphere analysis?

Back 73

- Infrared spectrophotemetry- Mass spectrometry- Paramagnetics- Thermal conductivity- Photoionization- Colormetric detection

Front 74

74. What methods of analysis does CAMS use?

Back 74

- Infrared spectrophotometry- Mass spectrometry- Photo ionization

Front 75

75. How many spaces must be monitored by CAMS prior to submerging?

Back 75

- 3 spaces

Front 76

76. Which space should always be one of the spaces monitored by CAMS prior to submerging?

Back 76

- Fan room

Front 77

77. How often is CAMS monitored while underway?

Back 77

- Hourly

Front 78

78. How often is CAMS monitored while inport?

Back 78

- Daily

Front 79

79. When will CAMS be placed in stand-by mode?

Back 79

- When in port for more than 5 days

Front 80

80. What does the trace gas analyzer (TGA) detect?

Back 80

- Hydrocarbons

Front 81

81. What is the TGA very sensitive to?

Back 81

- Benzene- Toluene- Xylene

Front 82

82. How often is the TGA utilized?

Back 82

- Once a day

Front 83

83. What portable atmosphere monitoring equipment is used when the TGA is out of commission?

Back 83

- Colormetric tubes

Front 84

84. Where is the hydrogen detector located?

Back 84

- Control room

Front 85

85. What does the hydrogen detector measure?

Back 85

- Measures % of hydrogen in battery well exhaust

Front 86

86. What is the electrical O2 analyzer used onboard submarines?

Back 86

- MSA 245 O2 indicator

Front 87

87. What is the name of the colormetric detection tubes used onboard a submarine to monitor the atmosphere?

Back 87

- Draeger multi gas detector

Front 88

88. What are the two parts of the Draeger multi gas detector?

Back 88

- Pump assembly- Sampling tubes

Front 89

89. How is the number of pumps determined for the use of the Draeger multi gas detector?

Back 89

- The number of pumps is determined by the “n=x” stamp on the side of the tube where “x” is the number of times the pump needs to be compressed

Front 90

90. After submerging how often are atmosphere samples taken with the TGA?

Back 90

- Daily

Front 91

91. What are the exceptions for conducting atmosphere sampling onboard a submarine?

Back 91

- Monitor industrial gas cylinders w/ portable monitoring if a leak is suspected- Shielded volume of the reactor compartment prior to entry- Fires monitored in adjacent compartments every 15 min w/ CAMS

Front 92

92. How often should the boat be ventilated while inport?

Back 92

- Ventilate ship daily for at least one hour using low pressure blower or diesel

Front 93

93. How often should the boat be ventilated after submerging?

Back 93

- Tactical situation permitting, ventilate to help reduce atmosphere contaminant levels- If tactical situation permits, ventilate at least weekly

Front 94

94. What are the requirements for ventilating outboard?

Back 94

- After venting fuel tanks- After use of prohibited, restricted or limited materials while underway- When tactical situation permits ventilate outboard if contamination of atmosphere is suspected

Front 95

1. What are the oxygen replenishment systems used onboard a submarine?

Back 95

- High pressure O2 flasks- Chlorate candles- Electrolytic O2 generating plant- Surface ventilation

Front 96

2. What is the time requirement for donning an EAB?

Back 96

- 1 minute

Front 97

1. What is the purpose of the Atmosphere Material Control Program?

Back 97

- To limit and control the amount and type of atmosphere contaminants brought onboard a submarine

Front 98

2. What are the four categories of atmosphere materials onboard a submarine?

Back 98

- Prohibited-Restricted- Limited- Permitted

Front 99

3. What is a prohibited material defined as?

Back 99

- Not allowed on board submarines at any time except under specific exemptions

Front 100

4. What is a restricted material defined as?

Back 100

- Not allowed on board submarines while underway, except under specific exemptions, although may be used on board in limited quantities while in port and ventilating outboard

Front 101

5. What is a limited material defined as?

Back 101

- May be used while underway for a specific purpose and for which no completely nontoxic substitute exists. Shall not be carried on board in excess of required quantities

Front 102

6. What is a permitted material defined as?

Back 102

- No restrictions

Front 103

7. What are the Commanding Officer’s responsibilities in the Atmosphere Material Control Program?

Back 103

- Appoint a commissioned officer as the Hazardous Material, Hazardous Waste coordinator/ submarine material management

Front 104

8. What are the Executive Officer’s responsibilities in the Atmosphere Material Control Program?

Back 104

- Grant permission to bring prohibited items onboard- Grant written permission to carry and use prohibited or restricted items- Ensure conditions of storage and use minimize impact on ships atmosphere- Review the material control log prior to each underway

Front 105

9. What do the different log entry codes stand for?

Back 105

- X = prohibited- R = restricted- L = limited- N = permitted

Front 106

10. What is the purpose of the contaminant tags?

Back 106

- Identify atmosphere contaminants

Front 107

11. How often should a complete inventory of contaminant tags be made by the HM/HW coordinator?

Back 107

- Every 6 months- Prior to change of command

Front 108

12. How long are audits and inventories in the Atmosphere Material Control Program retained for?

Back 108

- Three years