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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atmosphere
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A mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth
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Air Pressure
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Measure of the force with which the air molecules push on a surface
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Altitude
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Is the height of an object above the Earth’s surface
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Troposphere
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Next to the Earth’s surface- lowest layer of the atmosphere. Also is the densest- contains 90% of the atmosphere’s total mass.
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Stratosphere
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The air is very thin. The ozone layer is in this layer.
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Ozone
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Made up of 3 oxygen molecules. This layer absorbs solar energy in the form of ultraviolet radiation, warming the air.
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Mesosphere
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Is the coldest layer of the atmosphere.
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Thermosphere
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The uppermost layer of the atmosphere.
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Radiation
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The transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves.
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Conduction
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Is the transfer of thermal energy from one material to another by direct contact
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Convection
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The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas.
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Wind
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Moving air
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Coriolis Effect
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Curving of moving objects such as wind, by the Earth’s rotation
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Trade Winds
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Winds blow from 30o latitude to the equator
Early traders used the trade winds to sail from Europe to the Americas |
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Westerlies
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Wind belts found in Northern and Southern Hemispheres between 30 and 60 latitude.
The winds flow toward the poles and in the opposite direction of the Trade Winds |
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Polar Easterlies
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Wind belts that extend from the poles to 60 latitude in both hemispheres- formed from cold, sinking air moving from the poles
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Jet Streams
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Narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. They do not follow regular patterns around the Earth.
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30 north and 30 south latitude, sinking air creates an area of high pressure. The winds are weak
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Horse Latitudes
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Doldrums
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The trade winds meet in an area of low pressure around the equator. There is very little wind.
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