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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
benzodiazipines
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chloridiazepoxide (Librium)
diazepam (Valium) lorazepam (Ativan) |
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benzodiazipine intended effects (detoxification)
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maintenance of the client's vitals signs within normal limits
decrease in the risk of seizures decrease in intensity of withdrawal manifestations |
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benzodiazipine nursing interventions (detoxification)
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administer around the clock or prn
use chlordiazepoxide only if the client is able to tolerate oral intake otherwise, use IV route for diazepam and lorazepam The client may continue with diazepam and lorazepam orally obtain clients baseline vital signs monitor vitals and neurologic status on an ongoing basis provide for seizure precautions |
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adjunct meds for detoxification
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carbamazepine (Tegretol)
clonidine (Catapres) propranolol (Inderal) |
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adjunct meds (detoxification) intended effects
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decrease in seizures- carbamazepine
depression of autonomic response (decrease in BP, HR)-clonidine and propranolol decrease in craving propranolol |
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adjunct meds (detoxification) interventions
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provide for seizure precautions
obtain baseline vitals, and continue to monitor on an ongoing basis |
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disulfiram (antabuse) abstinence maintenance meds intended effects
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daily oral med that is an aversion therapy
used concurrently with alcohol will cause acetaldehyde syndrome to occur nausea, vomiting, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension acetaldehyde syndrome can progress to respiratory depression, cardiovascular suppression, seizures, and death |
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disulfiram (antabuse) abstinence maintenance meds interventions
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clients of potential dangers of drinking any alcohol
avoid products that contain alcohol monitor liver function encourage clients to wear a medical alert bracelet encourage clients to attend 12 step program advise that med effects persist for 2 weeks following discontinuation of disulfiram |
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naltrexone (vivitrol) intended effects
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pure opioid antagonist that suppresses the craving and pleasurable effects of alcohol (also used for opioid withdrawal)
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naltrexone (vivitrol) nursing interventions
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check history for opioid dependence- concurrent use increases risk of opiate overdose
take with meals to minimize GI upset suggest IM injections for those with trouble following med regimen |
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acamprosate (Campral) intended effects
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acamprosate decreases unpleasant effects resulting from abstinence (anxiety, restlessness)
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acamprosate (Campral) interventions
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diarrhea may result
maintain adequate fluid intake avoid during pregnancy |
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methadone (dolophine) substitution
(withdrawal, abstinence of opioids) intended effects |
oral opioid agonist that replaces the opioid that the client is addicted to
prevents abstinence syndrome used for withdrawal and long-term maintenance |
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methadone interventions
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slowly tapered to produce detoxification
participate in 12 step program |
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clonodine (Catapres) (withdrawal/abstinence of opioids) intended effects
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withdrawal effects related to autonomic hyperactivity
(diarrhea, nausea, vomiting) clonodine therapy does not reduce the craving for opioids |
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clonodine (Catapres) interventions
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baseline vitals
avoid activities that require mental alertness until drowsiness subsides chew sugarless gum or suck on hard candy etc. to treat dry mouth |
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buprenorphine (Subutex) intended effects
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agonist-antagonist opioid used for detoxification and maintenance
decreases feelings of craving and may be effective in maintaining adherence |
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bupropion (Zyban) nicotine withdrawal med intended effect
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decreases nicotine craving and manifestations of withdrawal
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bupropion (Zyban) interventions
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chew sugarless gum or suck on hard candy to relieve dry mouth
avoid caffeine and other CNS stimulants to control insomnia |
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nicotine replacement therapy intended effects
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pharmaceutical product substitute for nicotine in cigarettes and tobacco
nicotine replacement therapy doubles rate of smoking cessation |
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nicotine replacement therapy interventions
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do not use while pregnant or breastfeeding
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varenicline (Chantix) intended use
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nicotinic receptor agonist that promotes the release of dopamine to stimulate the pleasurable effects of nicotine
reduces nicotine cravings and reduces withdrawal symptoms monitor BP, clients with DM for loss of glucose control contraindicated for those with depression, serious mental illness, or suicidal ideation |