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198 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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garbage
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la basura
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global warming
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el calentamiento global
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climate
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el clima
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pollution
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la contaminación
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deforestation, clear cutting
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la deforestación
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entity
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la entidad
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environment
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el medio ambiente
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planet
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el planeta
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recycling
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el reciclaje
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natural resources
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el recurso natural
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reforestation
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la reforestación
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felling of trees
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la tala
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agreement
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el acuerdo
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aerosol spray
"Aerosol sprays harm the ozone layer." |
el aerosol
"Los aerosoles dañan la capa de ozono." |
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the contribution
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el aporte
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mailbox
"Every day I find catalogues in my mailbox." |
el buzón
"Todos los días encuentro catálogos en mi buzón." |
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catastrophe
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la catástrofe
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basket
"When I don't have to buy much at the supermarket, I take a basket instead of a carriage." |
el cesto
"Cuando no tengo mucho que comprar en el supermercado, tomo un cesto en vez de un carrito." |
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fossil fuel
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el combustible fósil
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make-up
"I only use make-up from companies that don't use animiles in their laboratories." |
el cosmético
"Sólo uso cosméticos de compañías que no utilizan animales en sus laboratorios." |
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trash can
"Do not put papers in the trash can." |
el cubo de basura
"No pongas papeles en el cubo de basura." |
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waste, scrap
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el desecho
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container
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el envase
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wrapping
"Use the comics from the newspaper as wrapping for gifts." |
el envoltorio
"Usa las tiras cómicas del periódico como envoltorio para regalos." |
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factory
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la fábrica
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glacier
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el glaciar
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soap
"I bathe with glycerin soap." |
el jabón
"Yo me baño con jabón de glicerina." |
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cleaning
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la limpieza
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nature
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la naturaleza
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quickness, swiftness
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la rapidez
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skyscraper
"I would not like to live in a skyscraper; I prefer a house." |
el rascacielos
"No me gustaría vivir en un rascaciolos; prefiero una casa." |
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container
"Whenever I can, I use glass containers." |
el recipiente
"Siempre que puedo, uso recipientes de vidrio." |
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pickup
"They make the trash pickup on Thursdays." |
la recogida
"La recogida de la basura la hacen los jueves." |
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nature sanctuary
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el refugio natural
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newspaper reporter
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el/la reportero/a
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reserve
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la reserva
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garbage, waste
"The recyclying of waste is a global problem." |
el residuo
"El reciclaje de residuos es un problema global." |
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cloth
"Use cloth bags to do the shopping." |
la tela
"Usa bolsas de tela para hacer las compras." |
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tower
"Skyscrapers are modern towers." |
la torre
"Los rascacielos son las torres modernas." |
the spanish word for sky is part of this word
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glass
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el vidrio
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to attain, reach
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alcanzar
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to support
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apoyar
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to get hot, to heat
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calentar (ie)
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to commit
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comprometerse
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to get, obtain
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conseguir (i)
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to pollute
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contaminar
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to cover
"Clouds cover the sky today." |
cubrir
"Las nubes cubren el cielo hoy." |
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to duplicate
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duplicar
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to generate
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generar
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to keep, save
"I keep the purchase without the wrapping." |
guardar
"Guardo la compra sin los envoltorios." |
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to clean
"Someone has to clean the refrigerator." |
limpiar
"Hay que limpiar el refrigerador." |
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to succeed in, manage
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lograr
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to waste
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malgastar
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to waste is to spend badly...
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to get, obtain
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obtener (ie)
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to protect
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proteger
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to reuse
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reaprovechar
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to recycle
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reciclar
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to reduce
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reducir (zc)
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to reuse
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reutilizar
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to save
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salvar
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to throw away
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tirar
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Andean
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andino/a
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contaminated, polluted
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contaminado/a
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controlled
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controlado/a
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careful, watchful
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cuidadoso/a
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developed
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desarrollado/a
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unemployed
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desempleado/a
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ecological
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ecológico
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clean
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limpio/a
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protected
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protegido/a
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replaced
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reemplazado
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renewable
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renovable
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outstanding
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sobresaliente
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terrestrial
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terrestre
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because of
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a causa de
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in this way
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de esta manera
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in fact, indeed, actually
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de hecho
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for that reason
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por eso
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to rent
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alquilar
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rent (n.)
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el alquiler
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environmental
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ambiental
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ozone layer
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la capa de ozono
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cardboard
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el cartón
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polluted
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contaminado/a
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to develop
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desarrollar
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development
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el desarrollo
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can
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la lata
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reusable material
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el material reutilizable
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municipality, town hall
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el municipio
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leftover
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el resto
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reusable
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reutilizable
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house
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la casa
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stairs
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la escalera
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key
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la llave
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wall
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la pared
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floor
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el piso
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basement
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el sótano
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roof
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el techo
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city
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la ciudad
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sidewalk
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la acera
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suburbs
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las afueras
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expressway
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la autopista
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intersection
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la bocacalle
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the mouth of two streets
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street
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la calle
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shopping center
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el centro comercial
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movie theater
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el cine
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post office
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el correo
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corner
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la esquina
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station
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la estación
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subway
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el metro
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public transportation
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el transporte público
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furniture
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los muebles
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bed
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la cama
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chest of drawers
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la cómoda
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mirror
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el espejo
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shelf
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el estante
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lamp
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la lámpara
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armchair
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el sillón
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household appliances
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los electrodomésticos
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microwave
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el microondas
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refrigerator (2)
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la nevera / el refrigerador
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VCR
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la videocasetera
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disaster
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el desastre
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ecology
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la ecológia
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ecological
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ecológico/a
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ecologist
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el/la ecólogo/a
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gas emmision
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la emisión de gases
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energy
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la energía
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preservation
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la preservación
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to preserve
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preservar
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to recycle
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reciclar
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for that reason
"Catalina loves nature, and for that reason, she is going to work in a national park." |
por eso
"A Catalina le encanta la naturaleza, y por eso va a trabajar en un parque nacional." |
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(in) this way
"She says that, in this way, she can contribute to save the planet." |
de esta manera
"Ella dice que de esta manera puede contribuir a salvar el planeta." |
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in fact, indeed, actually
"Reforestation is essential in many countries; in fact, in Costa Rica, it is an important part of its ecological programs." |
de hecho
"La reforestación es esencial para muchos países; de hecho, en Costa Rica es una parte importante de sus programas ecológicos." |
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to attain (a goal, dream)
"The ecological programs didn't attain the expected goal." |
alcanzar
"Los programas ecológicos no alcanzaron la meta que esperaban." |
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to succeed in, manage to
"In this way, we'll be able to save the planet." |
lograr
"De esta manera lograremos salvar el planeta." |
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to get, obtain (with some difficulty or effort)
"We must get the authorities to understand the environmental problem." |
conseguir
"Debemos conseguir que las autoridades comprendan el problema ambiental." |
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to get, to obtain
"It's important to get the support of the authorities." |
obtener
"Es importante obtener el apoyo de las autoridades." |
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"You have to think that..."
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"Debe(s) pensar que..."
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"It's important to think about..."
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"Es importante pensar en..."
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"One has to take into account that..."
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"Hay que tener en cuenta que..."
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"We have to realize that..."
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"Tenemos que darnos cuenta de que..."
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"One has to consider that..."
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"Hay que considerar que..."
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"On one hand..."
"On the other hand..." |
"Por un lado..."
"Por otro (lado)..." |
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Avoiding repetion of nouns:
Double object pronouns |
Indirect object precedes direct object.
Note: IO le/les => se before DO lo/los/la/las 1. Before the conjugated verb 2. Before the negative command 3. After and attached to the affirmative command 4. After and attached to the infinitive 5. After and attached to the gerund (-ando/-iendo) |
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Double Object Pronouns
1. Before the conjugated verb "Is the government going to protect these woods?" "Yes, the governor promised it to us." |
"¿El gobierno va a proteger estos bosques?"
"Sí, nos lo prometió el gobernador." |
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Double Object Pronouns
2. Before the negative command "Do you want me to warm up your tea in the microwave? "No, thank you. Don't warm it up for me. I prefer it cold" |
"¿Quieres que te caliente el té en el microondas?"
"No, gracias. No me lo calientes. Lo prefiero frío." |
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Double Object Pronouns
3. After and attached to the affirmative command "Do you have the report on the pollution in the river?" "I am about to finish it. Ask me about it tomorrow." |
"¿Tienes listo el informe sobre la contaminación del río?"
"Lo estoy por terminar. Pídemelo mañana por favor." |
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Double Object Pronouns
4. After and attached to the infinitive "Here is an article on the conservation lands." "Can you save it for me? I'm very interested." |
"Aquí hay un artículo sobre los refugios naturales."
"¿Puedes guardármelo, por favor? Me interesa mucho." |
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Double Object Pronouns
5. After and attached to the infinitive (-ando/-iendo) "To whom are you sending the report on the air pollution?" "I am sending it to all the representatives." |
"¿A quién le mandas el informe sobre la contaminación del aire?"
"Estoy mandándoselo a todos los representantes." |
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Expressing inequality: Comparisons
Pattern when comparing peopel or things that are not equal |
mas / menos
+ {adjective/noun/adverb} + que |
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Expressing inequality: Comparisons
"Buenos Aires is larger than Limar." "Madrid has fewer inhabitants than Buenos Aires." "Buenos Aires grows more slowly that Barcelona" |
"Buenos Aires es más grande que Lima."
"Madrid tiene menos habitantes que Buenos Aires." "Buenos Aires crece más lentamente que Barcelona." |
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Expressing inequality: Comparisons
Pattern when comparing unequal actions and ways of doing things "Andrés recycles less than Nicolás." |
verb + más/menos + que
"Andrés recicla menos que Nicolás." |
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Expressing inequality: Comparisons
"Andrés recycles less than Nicolás." |
"Andrés recicla menos que Nicolás."
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
nicer, kinder |
más bueno/a
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
behaves badly |
más malo/a
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
older (thing) |
más viejo/a
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
smaller, younger |
más pequeño/a
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
better |
mejor
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
worse |
peor
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
older (person) |
mayor
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
younger (person) |
menor
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"Glass containers are better than plastic ones for the environment."
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"Los envases de vidrio son mejores que los de plástico para el medio ambiente."
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Adjectives with irregular comparitive forms
The oldest / youngest in a family "The youngest is taller than the eldest." |
When used alone:
el/la mayor/menor "El hijo menor es más alto que el mayor." |
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Expressing inequality: Comparisons
Pattern when making comparisons with numbers and quantities "They planted more than one thousand trees." |
más/menos de
"Ellos sembraron más de mil árboles." |
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
Patterns to compare people, things, or actions that are the same |
tan + adj./adv. + como
tanto/a/os/as + noun + como verb + tanto como Note: tanto agrees in gender and number with nound that follows |
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
"The air in Santiago de Chile is as contaminated as the air in Mexico City." |
"El aire de Santiago de Chile está tan contaminado como el aire de la ciudad de México."
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
"There are many species of plants that are disappearing as fast as animal species." |
"Hay muhcas especies de plantas que están desapareciendo tan rápidamente como las especies animales."
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
"Barcelona has as many museums as Madrid." |
"Barcelona tiene tantos museos como Madrid."
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
"Ecologists help as much as they can." |
"Los ecólogos ayudan tanto como pueden."
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
1. as much 2. as many |
1. tanto/a
2. tantos/as |
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
Another pattern to express equality between two nouns |
el/la mismo/a + noun + que
Remember to make the agreement with the noun modified |
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Expressing equality: Comparisons
"Roberto has the same name as his father." "We bought the same tourist guide as you did." |
"Roberto tiene el mismo nombre que su padre."
"Nosotros compramos la misma guía turística que tú." |
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cleaning
"We do the house cleaning on Saturdays." |
la limpieza
"Nosotros hacemos la limpieza de la casa los sábados." |
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packaging
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el embalaje
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styrofoam trays
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las bandejas de corcho blanco
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to become aware
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tomar conciencia
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bulk, in bulk
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(a) granel
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1. leftovers, surplus (n.)
2. spare, remaining (adj.) |
1. los sobrantes
2. sobrante |
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drain (n.)
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el desagüe
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toilet
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el retrete
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to purify
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depurar
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label (n.)
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la etiqueta
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areas
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los recintos
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businessman/businesswoman
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el/la empresario/a
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pace
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el ritmo
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wet (adj.)
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mojado/a
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to wet
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mojar
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army (n.)
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el ejército
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alarm (n.)
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la alarma
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harmful (adj.)
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nocivo/a
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cancer
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el cáncer
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rays, beams
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los rayos
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consumer (n.)
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el/la consumidor/a
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to give an incentive to
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incentivar
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damage (n.)
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el daño
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to restrict
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restringir
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to leak
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filtrar
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