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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is astronomy?
the study of the universe and the objects in it.
what is the difference between a rotation and a revolution?
a rotation is when an object spins on its axis. a revolution is when one object moves around another
what Evidence supports the big bang theary?
the universe is expanding
left over cosmic backround radiation evenly distributed from the big bang
what is dark matter and energy?
matter that does not give off light, we can only detect it by the gravity that it emits. it fills 96% of the universe. the other 4% is suns, planets, and matter between the stars
how do scientists know the composition of distant stars?
each element has different spectral lines when viewed through a spetrascope
what is the speed of light?
in a vacuum it is about 3 million meters per second.
what is a light year?
the distance light travels in a year
describe the doppler effect?
a change in the apparent frequency of waves when either the source or the observer is in motion
what is apparent magnatude?
the brightness a star apears to be as seen from earth
what is absolute magnatude?
how bright the star would apear at 32.6 ly from earth aka the true brighness of a star
how do stars form?
they are "born" within a spinning nebula, the could collapses into a hot dence core and begins gathering dust and gasses. gravity pulls the materials together intil the temp. is hot enough for fusion to occur.
how do stars produce light?
during each step of fusion energy is released int he form of light waves
how are stars organized?
baced on their brigness and temperature.
what is the order of stars for coolest to hottest?
ROY G BIV
red yellow white blue
wht is the life sequence of a medium mass star?
nebula-> average star-> forms a red giant-> planetary nebula
what is the life sequence of a large mass star?
nebula-> massive star-> forms a red supergiant-> super nova->neutron star or ->black hole
what is a galaxy?
a collection of dust gass stars and black matter held together by gravity
how big is our solar system??
100,000 ly
describe and elliptical galaxy
shaped like a football,not a lot of dust and gasses mosty older stars
describe a spiral galaxy
most common, contains lost of dust and hydrogen gasses. younger stars
describe an irregular galaxy
no particular shape, none are alike.
describe the size ranges:
Galaxy cluster->galaxy->golbular cluster->stars
how do the planets move around the sun?
in an elliptical orbit
what are the layers of the sun?
core->radiative zone->convective zone->photoshere->chromoshere->corona
_ _% of the sun is _____ and ________
99% heilum and hydrogen
what is a solar wind?
a stream of energy particles.
1 mill mph
what are the EQUNOXES?
the biggining of spring and fall.
when the sun is directly above the equator
the summer solstices is______
the longest day of the year and the first day of summer. the sun is direclty over the tropic of cancer, 23.5* NL.
the winter solstice is______
the shortest day of the year and the first day of winter. the sn passes over the tropic of caperacorn which is 23.5* south lataude