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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What happens when a neutron star exceeds 3 M☉? |
Collapses to black hole |
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Type of nova in which elements heavier than iron are created |
Type II |
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Developed parallax system of measuring distances |
Tycho Brahe |
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Developed comprehensive Earth-centric system |
Ptolemy |
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Process by which interstellar dust scatters all but lower frequency visible light |
Interstellar reddening |
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The "Kappa-valve" in a variable star is described as the ________ mechanism? |
K mechanism/"boiling pot" |
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Remnant of Type II Supernova > 25 M☉? |
Black hole |
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First to use telescope for astronomy |
Galileo |
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Discovered that the Coma Cluster of galaxies were orbiting too fast |
Fritz Zwicky |
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What is the name of the mass limit of electron degeneracy? |
Chandrasekhar Limit |
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Establish the period-luminosity relationship in variable stars |
Henrietta Leavitt |
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Author of the Scientific Method |
Galileo |
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Temp at which helium fusion occurs |
100,000,000 K |
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First known to come up with idea of heliocentric system |
Aristarchus |
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Highest level of fusion achievable in red dwarf |
Hydrogen=> Helium |
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What is a characteristic of fully ionized helium gas with respect to photons? |
Opaque |
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Discovered sunspots |
Galileo |
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Name the fusion process that takes place in He fusion |
Triple Alpha Process |
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A body of knowledge supported by laws, tested evidence, mathematics |
Theory |
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Physics principle that is integral to electron degeneracy pressure |
Pauli Exclusion Principle |
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One parsec equals |
3.26 LY |
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Term that describes the balance between outward fusion pressure and inward gravitational pressure |
Hydrostatic Equilibruim |
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What is the actual value of the Chandrasekhar Limit? |
1.4 M☉ |
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What happens when a white dwarf exceeds 1.4 M☉? |
Type IA Supernova |
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An untested idea |
hypothesis |
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Temp at which carbon fusion occurs |
600 x10^6 K |
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Discovered the phases of Venus |
Galileo |
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What is the Volkoff-Oppenheimer Limit? |
3 M☉ |
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Most numerous type of star in the galaxy |
Red Dwarf |
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Remnant of Type II Supernova < 25 M☉ |
Neutron Star |
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Type IA supernova spectra show a lack of what element? |
Hydrogen |
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A non-spinning protostar results in a |
Single star |
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Helium flash occurs in star of what M☉? |
.4 - 2M☉ |
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Term used to describe the blocking of light by dark nebula |
Interstellar extinction |
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The Pleiades is an example of what kind of nebula |
Reflection |
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H-R star classification from coolest to hottest |
M K G F A B O |
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A star on the Main Sequence has achieved |
Hydrostatic Equilibrium |
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Discovered that Andromeda Galaxy was spinning too fast for the observable matter |
Vera Rubin |
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Relationship of a star's mass to its lifetime |
Higher the mass, shorter the life |
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In a binary star system, what type of Roche lobe is involved in a nova? |
Semidetached |
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Planetary nebula are associated with what kind of star |
White Dwarf |
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What kind of pressure supports a neutron star |
Neutron Degeneracy Pressure |
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Longest lived type of star |
Red Dwarf |
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Pre-main sequence stars occur at what M☉ |
< 2m☉ |
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The "star killer" |
Iron |
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What is the term that describes the splitting of iron atoms by x-rays? |
Photodisintegration |
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A spinning protostar results in either _____ or _____ |
Binary, Triple stars. Single star w/ planets. |
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The color green in nebula indicates what element? |
Oxygen |
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What type of star becomes either a nova or a Type IA Supernova? |
White Dwarf |
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Name a "failed star" with insufficient mass to trigger hydrogen fusion |
Brown Dwarf |
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How long does silicon fusion last in a star's core? |
1 Day |
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Gravity-driven process by which stellar material accumulates and condenses |
Accretion |
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Where a star will spend the majority of its life |
Main Sequence |
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Metal-poor stars are classified as |
Population II |
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Chemical makeup of White Dwarf |
Carbon, Oxygen |
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What is the mass limit of a neutron star? |
3 M☉ |
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Temperature at which Jeans instability occurs |
10 K |
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Developed first comprehensive heliocentric system |
Copernicus |
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What kind of nova results in the complete destruction of the star |
Type IA |
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Developed physics-based explanations of planetary motion |
Newton |
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The average distance of the Earth to the Sun is called |
Astronomic Unit (A.U.) |
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Explanation of retrograde motion of planets in Earth-centric system |
Epicycles |
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Mass at which pre-main sequence phase does not occur |
> 7 M☉ |
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Resultant nebula after AGB star phase |
Planetary Nebula |
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Discovered craters and mountains on Moon |
Galileo |
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Earth-centric explanation of what holds celestial objects in their orbits |
Crystal Spheres |
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Kepler's Third Law |
p^2 = a^3 |
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Process unique to Red Dwarf |
Convection of Helium |
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Discovered the Universal Gravitational Constant |
Newton |
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Discovered that orbits are actually elliptical rather than circular |
Kepler |
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Discovered the moons of Jupiter |
Galileo |
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What kind of pressure supports a White Dwarf |
Electron Degeneracy Pressure |
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Name two Standard Candles |
(Cepheid) Variable Stars. Type IA Supernova. |
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Metal-rich stars are classified as |
Population 1 |
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Temp at which hydrogen fusion occurs |
10,000,000 K |
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Absolute magnitude of Type IA Supernova |
-19 |
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Where does the Jeans Instability occur |
Bok Globules |
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What is the overall period-luminosity relationship in variable stars |
Longer the period, Brighter the peak luminosity |
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Distance from a black hole singularity to the event horizon |
Schwarzchild Radius |
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Tangible evidence of the Big Bang discovered by two Bell Lab engineers |
Cosmic Microwave Background |
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Discovered by Edwin Hubble |
Expanding Universe |
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Proposed and advocated by Fred Hoyle |
Steady State |
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What would be the most likely standard candle for a distance of 7 billion LY |
Type IA |
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Proposed by George LeMaitre |
Primordial Atom (Big Bang) |
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Manifestation of the Doppler effect indicating an expanding universe |
Red Shift |
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Feature of steady state theory that proved true |
Nucleosynthesis |
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Proposed by George Gamow and Ralph Apher |
Cosmic Microwave Background |
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Fred Guth proposed what particular feature of the Big Bang |
Inflation |
