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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Asteroid
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rocky bodies several kilometers across which orbit the sun.
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Meteroid
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like an asteroid but smaller (has to be less than 100 meters across.
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Comet
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Billions of chuncks of rock and ice. They have tails which are caused by Sublimation.
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Meteor Shower
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when the dust particles fall to earth
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Terrestrial Planets
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small size, low mass, higher density, mostly rock
(Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) |
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Jovian Planets
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Large size, massive, Low density, mostly gas
(Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune) |
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ExtraSolar Planets
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Planets that are either too dim or too close to the stars they orbit to observe directly. We detect the effect they have on the spectra from their star to confirm their existence.
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Microlensing
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The focusing of light by gravity.
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What causes tides?
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Gravitational pull of sun and moon.
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Spring tide
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Occurs at Full Moon and New Moon.
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Neap Tide
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Occurs at Half Waxing and Half Waning Moons.
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4 layers of our Atmosphere?
(going from highest up to closest to earth) |
1.) Ionosphere
2.) Mesosphere 3.) Stratosphere 4.) Troposphere |
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3 Movements of Tectonic Plates:
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Sliding past one another-earthquakes
Seperating-Gulf of Suez Colliding-Himalayas |
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What keeps our core hot?
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radioactive decay of Uranium and stuff like that
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What happened during differentiation in the formation of the earth?
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Iron sank to the center and less dense material floated upwards.
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What is responsible for the movement of the tectonic plates?
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convection currents in earth's liquid magma.
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What is the earth's magnetic field believed to be created by?
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convection in its molten iron core.
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What is the diffrence between geographic North Pole and Magnetic North Pole?
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a degree of 11^o
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How is the aurora created?
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Ionized particles from the sun entering our magnetic sphere and interacting with our ionosphere.
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Lithosphere
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Crust
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Hydrosphere
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Water
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Atmosphere
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Air
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Magnetosphere
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Magnetic field
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Biosphere
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anything alive
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Names and locations of the auroras.
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N - Aurora Borealis
S - Aurora Australis |
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Apogee
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farthest from _____ (something)
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Perigee
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closest to ______ (something)
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Albedo
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reflective property of something
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What do craters include?
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central peaks, Collapsed terrace walls, and ejecta blankets
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Name of dark gray plains on the moon. (the Newer stuff)
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Maria
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Name of the lighter parts of the Moon. (the older stuff)
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the Highlands
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What is a rille on the moon?
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an extinct lava tube or a small crack on the surface.
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What is the dark spot on the far side of the moon called?
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the Mare Orientale
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What is the powdery surface of the moon called?
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regolith
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How do we know the moon was once molten?
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It has diffrent densities at diffrent depths.
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Who proposed "The Origin of the Moon"?
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George Darwin
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Barycenter
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The center of mass which the moon and earth both orbit around
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Synchronous Rotation
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When the rotation rate and revolution rate are the same for two objects. (Moon and Earth)
this is why we see only one side of the moon. |
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What does tilt give a planet?
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Seasons
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What is a scarp?
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a long cliff on mercury that formed when the planet cooled
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How might have mercury lost most of its mass?
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from a planetary collision.
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What type of motion does Venus have?
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Retrograde motion-Backwards spin.
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What was Venera 13
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Soviet spaceprobe sent to venus. lasted 127 minutes. it checked the temp and pressure.
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Schiaparelli and his discovery of "canals" on mars.
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they were supposed to be called channels, but people freaked as a result.
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what does mons mean?
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Mountain
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Features of Mars?
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Volcanoes, Plains, and Canyons
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Valles Marineris
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Vast canyon covering 1/5 circumference of Mars
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Tallest mountain in solar system?
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Olympus Mons on Mars (Size of Missouri and three times the size of everest.)
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What are the ice caps on Mars mostly consistent of?
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Carbon dioxide (frozen)
Later Sublimes during the summer season |
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Colors of Mars Skyline:
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Orange in day due to rust particles, and Blue at night.
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Evidence to support that water once existed on mars?
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the martian winding canyon. ancient lake beds and sedimentation. Hematite rock. And gullies in crater walls
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SNC Meteorites
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believed to come from mars. (named because of Shergottite, Nakhalite, and Chassigny) They also show possible microbial life.
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moons of Mars
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Deimos and Phobos
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