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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The theory that the universe began as a huge explosion is known as the __________.
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Big Bang
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What do you call the study of all physical objects beyond Earth?
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Astronomy
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A massive object orbiting a star like our Sun is known as a(n) _____________.
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Planet
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The Sun and all objects that are bound by gravitational force to the Sun makes up the _________ ___________.
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solar system
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What do you call the force of attraction between all objects?
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Gravitational force
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A regular, repeating path that an object in space follows around another object is called a(n) _________.
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orbit
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__________ is the forward motion of an object.
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Inertia
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Which four planets make up the inner, or terrestrial, planets?
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Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars
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Which four planets make up the outer planets, also known as the gas giants?
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Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
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What three factors exist on Earth that make life possible here, but unlikely on any other planet?
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liquid water, moderate temperatures, and atmospheric oxygen
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What hypothesis was proposed by Nicolas Copernicus that was later supported by observations made by Galileo?
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The sun, not the Earth, is at the center of the universe. Of course, we now know the Sun is at the center of our solar system, but not the entire universe.
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How is Venus like the moon when observed from Earth?
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They both go through phases.
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What motion makes objects in the sky seem to rise in the east and set in the west each day?
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the rotation of Earth
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What does one revolution of Earth equal?
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a year
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Around what does Earth rotate?
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its axis
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What force keeps Earth in orbit around the sun?
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gravity
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In what direction does an object in space tend to move?
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in a straight line
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The position of what objects is responsible for the moon's phases?
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the moon, Earth, and sun
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About how long does it take the moon to complete one cycle of phases?
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one month
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How much of the moon's surface can you see during a new moon phase?
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none
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How much of the moon's surface can you see during a full moon phase?
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all of it
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What phase of the moon would you see about three weeks after a new moon?
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last quarter
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On the first day of which season, or seasons, in the Northern Hemisphere, is Earth neither tilted toward or away from the sun?
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spring and autumn
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What is the season in the Southern Hemisphere of Earth when it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere?
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winter
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At what angle is Earth tilted on its axis?
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23.5 degrees
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What theory was overturned by evidence gathered by Galileo?
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the geocentric theory
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What is the effect of the gravitational attraction between the sun and Earth on Earth's orbit?
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It makes the orbit follow a curved path.
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To what hypothesis does the Big Bang refer?
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An explanation of how the universe began
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