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36 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
vernal/ automnal equinoxes
points on celestial equator where the sun crosses celestial equator while moving north/south.
zodiac
the stars that the sun passes during its way around the celestial sphere. the band tha tlies 9 degres on either side of the ecliptic on t he celestial sphere
Rotation
spinning of an object on its axis.
milky way
the galaxy we are in. composes of really far other stars.
smallest/biggest planet in our solar system
mercury/jupiter.
1 AU
distance from earth to sun
ecliptic
apparent path of the sun on celestial sphere.
celestial equator
line on celestial sphere directly above earth's equator
right ascension
the angle at which a star is, to the right of the vernal equinox
declination
where a star is, north or south of the celestial equator.
arcminutes/arc seconds
a measurement of angle. to describe the angle difference between two stars using your fist or pinky
celestial sphere
the make believe sphere around the earth that composes of all celestial objects.
constellation /asterism difference
constellation is something humans made up and is recognized. asterism is just a recognizeable grouping of stars.
altitude
the angle at which a star is measured from the equator , above the horizon.
summer/ winter solstices
points on celestial sphere where the sun reaches its most north / south positions, respectively.
angular separation
?
elongation
angle between sun and planet from earth.
kepler's law 1
planets move in ellipses
kepler's law 2
planets move faster when they're closer to sun
newton's law 1
law of inertia: body at rest will remain at rest / body in motion will remain in motion in straight line at same speed.
newton's law 2
acceleration = proportional to net force and inversely proportional to mass and is in the same direction as net force. as mass goes up, accell goes down
newton's law 3
action - reaction: forces come in pairs. no exceptions. opposite directions.
mass
how much matter in an object, same everywhere
weight
how hard gravity pulls on object, depends where u are
universal law of gravitation
Every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force pointing along the line intersecting both points. The force is proportional to the product of the two masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the point masses:
neap tides
neap: sun and moon on 90 dg. angle with earth, making it the LEAST differences in high/low tides.
spring tides
spring: when sun moon and earth are in align, making tides on both sides alot stronger: BIGGEST DIFFERENCE between high/low tides
parallax
apparent shifting of near/far objects as position of observer changes
kepler's law 3
to measure a cellestial object's year - revolution around sun.
things that heliocentric model explained
1. retrograde
2. elongations of merc/venus
3. variations in brightness
4. seasons
synodic period
time it takes for the moon to rotate and come back to the same position.
triangulation
use of parallax to determing distance to an object
troposphere
lowest level of the earth's and other planets atmospheres
aurora
light radiated in the upper atmosphere due to impacts from charged particles
mare/maria
any of the lowlands of the moon/mars taht resemble a sea when viewed from earth.
fission theory
theory that holds the moon formed when material was spun off from the earth