Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Bleeding d/o with prolonged aPTT and abnormal bleeding time
|
von Willebrand disease
(most common inherited) |
|
|
Clotting factors that are Vit K dependent
|
2, 7, 9, 10
Deficiency prolongs PT |
|
|
What affects
-bleeding time -PT -aPTT -TT |
-platelet function
-extrinsic & common pathway -intrinsic & common pathway -common pathway |
|
|
Why is G6PD deficiency a/w anemia
|
Hemolysis during excessive ROS
(viral infection, fava beans, sulfa drugs, quinine, nitrofurantoin) Heinz bodies |
|
|
Significance of cold antibodies
|
IgM (0-4 C)
-mycoplasma pneumonia -mononucleosis -lymphoma (Raynaud's) |
|
|
Cause of megaloblastic anemia
|
Hypochromic, macrocytic anemia
Deficiency Folate (anemia only) B12 (anemia & neurological symptoms) |
|
|
Plummer-Vinson syndrome
|
Anemia
Atrophic gastritis Esophageal webs |
|
|
Fanconi Anemia
|
AR
hypoplastic thumbs Absent radi Aplastic anemia |
|
|
Significance of:
-heinz bodies -howell-jolly bodies -basophilic stippling -siderocytes -reticulocytes |
-G6PD deficiency
-Post-splenectomy -lead poisoning -Fe overload (Pannenheimer bodies) -increased RBC production, recovery from hemorrhage |
|
|
Causes of drug-induced neutropenia
|
Alkylating agents
Chloramphenicol Chlorpromazine Sulfonamides Phenylbutazone |
|
|
ALL
|
Children
-fever -petechiae -echymosis -CNS infiltrate Px good |
|
|
AML
|
Any age
-fever -petechiae -ecchymosis -lymphadenopathy (splenomegaly) Px depends Auer Rods |
|
|
CML
|
Young adult
-fever -night sweats -splenomegaly Px poor Philadelphia Chromosome (c9,22: bcr:abl) |
|
|
CLL
|
Elderly
-insidious -few symptoms -low Ig level -infection Px fair |
|
|
Hairy Cell Leukemia
|
HSM
Pancytopenia Px poor |
|
|
Disease a/w Reed-Sternberg cells
|
Hodgkin's disease
-spread contiguity -No leukemic component |
|
|
Multiple Myeloma
|
malignant
IgG or IgA -osteoclast activating "punched out" lesions -Bence-Jones protein (amyloidosis) |
|
|
Monckelberg's Arteriosclerosis
|
Media calcific stenosis
"gooseneck lumps" small & medium arteries asymptomatic |
|
|
What do macrophages turn into a/w arteriosclerosis?
|
Foam cells
"fatty streaks" |
|
|
Arteritis a/w temporal a.
|
Giant Cell Arteritis
-sudden blindness -F > M -a/w polymyalgia rheumatica |
|
|
Type of aneurysm found in
-abd aorta -ascending aorta -aorta (A or D) -circle of willis -cerebral/retinal |
-atherosclerotic
-syphilitic -dissecting (Marfan) -berry (congenital & a/w PKD) -micro (HTN & DM) |
|
|
Heart sound - continuous murmur & machine-like
|
Patent ductus arteriosus
(kept open by PGE2 & PGI2) |
|
|
Defects seen in TORCH
|
(toxoplasmosis, rubella, CMV, herpes)
-Cardiac -microcephaly -auditory & visual defects |
|
|
Tetrology of Fallot
|
#1 cyanotic (R --> L shunt)
-pulmonary a. stenosis -overriding aorta -VSD -RV hypertrophy |
|
|
Prinzmetal's angia
|
At rest
ST elevation Tx- CCB |
|
|
Post-MI: time period most susceptible to myocardial rupture
|
1-2 wks post MI
(soft, yellow granulation tissue) 3-7 d (resorption of dead myofibrils) |
|
|
Consequences of RHF
|
Increased venous pressure
-edema -liver congestion "nutmeg liver" -ascites |
|
|
Differentiate Infective Endocarditis
Acute vs. Subacute |
Acute: S. aureus, Strep, Janeway lesions, high fever, hematuria
Subacute: S. viridans, G - bacilli, Roth spots, Osler nodes, low grade fever |
|
|
Key features fibrinous pericarditis
|
Transmural MI
Dresslers syndrome: delayed (2-10 wk after), d/t autoAb Tx - steroids |
|
|
Major Jones criteria
-polyarthritis -erythema -subQ nodules -chorea -carditis |
Acute Rheumatic Fever
1-4 wk post tonsilitis w/ grp A beta hemolytic Strep 5-15 yo --> Rheumatic HC (Mitral valve) |
|
|
Low FRC & TLC
|
Obstructive lung disease
-emphysema -chronic bronchitis -asthma -bronchiectasis |
|
|
Low FRC & VC & TLC
|
Restrictive lung disease
-ARDS -Pneumoconiosis -Hypersenstivity pneumonitis -Goodpastures -Pulmonary hemosiderosis -Alveolar proteinosis -Eosinophilic pneumonia -Diffuse idiopathic fibrosis -Collagen vascular d/o |
