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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Autism "red flags" in children
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-no big smiles/warm expressions by 6mos
-no back/forth sharing of sounds/smiles/face express. by 9mos -no babbling by 12mos -no b/f gestures, pointing, showing, reaching by 12mos -no words by 16mos -no meaningful 2 word phrases by 24mos -any loss of speech, babbling, social skills at any age |
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Normal milestones for 4 months
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-reacts to bright colors, movement, objects
-turns towards sounds -shows interest in people's faces |
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Normal milestones by 6 months
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-relate to others with joy
-smile often when playing -coo or babble when happy -cry when unhappy |
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Normal milestones by 9 months
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-smile and laught when looking at people
-exchange b/f smiles, loving faces, and other expressions -exchange sounds, gestures, giving/taking/reaching |
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Normal milestones by 12 months
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-use few gestures one after the other to get needs met (ie, tap you, point to object)
-play peek a boo, pat a cake, other social games -makes sounds ma, ba, da, na, ga -turn to person speaking when name is called |
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Normal milestones for 15 months
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-exchange many smiles, sounds, gestures in a row
-use point/show gestures to draw attn to someting of interest -use different sounds to get needs met and draw attn to something of interest -use & understand >3 words |
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Normal milestones for 18 months
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-use many gestures with words
-use at least 4 consonants in babble (m n p b t d) -points/looks at familiar people or body parts when named -simple pretend play, attract attn by looking at you |
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Normal milestones for 24 months
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-do pretend play with you with more than one action
-use and understand >50 words -use >2 words together, makes sense -enjoys being with and shows interest in children of same age -looks for familiar object that are named and out of sight |
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Normal milestones for 36 months
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-enjoy pretending to play different characters with you, talking for doll/act. figures
-use thoughts & actions together in speech, makes sense (baby hungry--feed her) -answer Wh-Q's easily -talk about interests/feeling about past, present, future |
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Wing and Gould autism classification
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-3 types:
aloof--sever to moderate autism passive--not initiating interaction, but receptive of other's attempts active but odd--intiate conversation, likely to talk AT someone, speech sophisticated and spontaneous but impaired intonation and pragmatics |
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Freeman et al system of classifiing autism
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1: MR, verbal and nonverbal skills (50%)
2: normal nonverbal, poor language (25%) 3: near normal lang and nonverb skills (25%) |
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Quadrant classification
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1: high IQ, fluent
2: high IQ, nonverbal 3: low IQ, very limited speech 4: low IQ, nonverbal |
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CHARACTERISTICS of Autism (not by DSM IV)
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-social withdrawl
-poor reality contact -delayed/splinter motor development -self-stim behavior -splintered perceptual skills -perseverations -echolalia -poor identity concept -ritualism -mental rigidity -attention deficit -impaired social interaction -mechanical movments/speech -joint attention problems |
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Joint attention--definition
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-referential looking
-declarative pointing -looking where others look/point -social referencing, sharing comments about observations |
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Autism corrolations:
--differences in lang skills -jt attn scores -immitative abilities |
--difference in jt attn skills
--scores and measures of express/recept vocab size -lang development |
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Making a diagnosis: why SLPs...
...SHOULD ...shouldn't |
Y: communication componant
social skills (pragmatics) N: neurological foundations psychological foundations |
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DSM IV Social criteria
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(pick 2)
-impairment in multiple nonverbal behaviors -failure to develop peer relationships -lack of spontaneous sharing -lack of social/emotional reciprocity -no/abnormal play |
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DSM IV Communication criteria
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(pick 1)
-delay or lack of spoken lang/gestures -impaired ability to initiate/maintain convo -stereotyped/repetetive/idiosyncratic lang -lack of vaired social imitative play |
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DSM IV Behavior criteria
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(pick 1)
-restricted repetoire of activities/interests -preoccupation with restricted patterns of interest -inflexible adherence to routines -repetetive movements -preoccupation with parts of objects |
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Asperger Syndrome: Overview
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-NO Sig. Delays in LANG!
-no sig. delays in cog. devel., self help, or adaptive behaviors -qualitative impaired social interaction -restricted, stereotyped patterns in behavior, interests, activities |
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Rett's Disorder: Overview
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-normal prenatal and perinatl development
-severely impaired expres./recept lang devel -early loss of social engagement -betweek 5 and 48 mos,...head cicumference decelerates, hand-wringing, poor motor coodination in trunk -female only |
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Childhood Disintegrative Disorder: Overview
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-clinically sig. loss of previously aquired skills (2<age<10)
--express/recept lang, social skills, bladder control, play, motor skills -abnormal functioning in >2 areas --social interaction, comm, repeat behaviors |
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Common co-occuring problems with Autism
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-sensory deficits
-ADHD -OCD -MR -impulse control disorders -seizures |
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Autism...
...prevalance among developmental disabilities ...gender ratios ...IQ |
...3rd most common
...2.6-4.1 males for every 1 female ...2/3-3/4 have IQ<70 |
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Autism Myths
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--cannot make progress
--do not smile at you --are not affectionate --can outgrow it --are all retarded --do not make eye contact --cannot relate to peers/adults |
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More Autism Myths
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--cannot be tested
--behaviors cannot be changed --bad behaviors must be extinguished before you can treat them --do not notice environment --normal child underneath if you can discover it |
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Visual Thinking with Autism: notes
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--think in pictures, not language
--no generalizes ideas, just lots of specific ones --lots of memory, small processor --make learing concrete in examples -word mapping--present item child echos to make connection --fear is main emotion in autism |
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Sensory Challenges and Answers: notes
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--kids tune out events because sensation hurts
--can't see/hear at same time --body boundry--don't know where they end/begin --visual/auditory distortions may occur --may not screen out extraneous sensory info --clipping--may miss first part of sentence if not paying attn |
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The Out of Sync Child: notes
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--typical development has adaptive responses, control
--Sensory Integration Disfunction --too much/not enough sensitivity to things |
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Causes of Autism: Neurological
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-no one area of the brain identified
-macroencephaly corrolation -amygdala and hippocampus implicated -prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, cerebellar vermis implicated -splinter skills: dendrite arrangement closer than normal -mirror neurons only activate when activity being done, not watched |
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Issues finding causes for autism
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-need homogenous group in age, sex, IQ, symptoms to test
-different finding across different groups -not all diagnoses made with same criteria |
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Genetic link in Autism
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-95% of autistic twins have autistic twins
-1/20 autistic kids have autistic siblings -45-90% more likely to have autistic child if you have autistic relatives -xsomes 7, 10, 19, X |
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Vaccines and Metals linked to Autism
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-MMR vaccine with thererisol linked to more cases
-mercury link to cases |
