Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
California, Arizona, Washington and Colorado
|
Four of the leading states in milk production
|
|
|
red or mahogany
|
The Ayrshire breed is colored ___ and white.
|
|
|
Brown Swiss
|
The dairy breed used mostly for veal and milk
|
|
|
Jersey
|
The dairy breed with the highest fat percentage
|
|
|
Guernsey
|
The dairy breed with a golden yellow color to its milk
|
|
|
Holstein
|
The oldest breed of dairy cattle
|
|
|
305, 60
|
Milking cows are usually milked __ days and dried up __ days before the next lactation
|
|
|
400
|
Cows are usually rebred __ days after calving
|
|
|
Dairy Cow Unified Score Card
|
used by all dairy breed associations as the standard for judging and classifying cattle
|
|
|
Frame-15%
Dairy Character-20% Body Capacity-10% Feet and Legs-15% Udder-40% |
The main points of a dairy cow and their respective points (in judging) are:
|
|
|
4
|
The mammary system of a cow is divided into __ independent parts
|
|
|
alveoli
|
Milk is secreted in grapelike structures called
|
|
|
dry period
|
period of nonlactation between two periods of lactation
|
|
|
Dairy Herd Improvement Association
|
an association that farmers join to participate in its record-keeping and management plans; operated by USDA and land grant universities
|
|
|
FCM
|
adjustment of milk of different fat percentages to equivalent amounts on an energy basis
|
|
|
freemartin
|
infertile female calf born co-twin to a bull
|
|
|
ketosis
|
metabolic disease characterized by excessive ketone body formation
|
|
|
polled
|
means naturally hornless
|
|
|
somatic
|
A count of ____ cells helps determine inflammation of the mammary gland.
|
|
|
scours
|
means diarrhea
|
|
|
type
|
the physical conformation of an animal
|
|
|
Brucellosis
|
causes undulant fever in people
|
|
|
Challenge feeding
|
a method of feeding cows aimed at finding their potential to secrete milk and used to prevent metabolic shortage in energy
|
|
|
heart girth
|
the circumference of the body just back of the shoulders of an animal; used to estimate body weight
|
|
|
ME (Mature Equivalent)
|
age conversion formulas applied to milk production records of young cows to compare their milk yield with that of more mature cows
|
|
|
Milk fever
|
is called parturient paresis
|
|
|
Cycle
|
describes an animal that has a crooked hock, which causes the lower part of the leg to be bent forward out of a normal perpindicular straight line
|
|
|
calcium gluconate
|
the most common treatment for milk fever
|
|
|
Energy
|
the most common limiting nutrient for high milk yield
|
|
|
9.2 million
|
the number of dairy cows in the United States
|
|
|
93
|
is the rolling herd dairy average for U.S. dairy herds
|
|
|
Israel
|
the nation with the highest-producing dairy cows
|
|
|
70,000
|
the world record per cow for annual milk yield (in pounds)
|
|
|
Udder
|
the most important type trait in a dairy cow
|
|
|
prolactin
|
hormone that stimulates milk secretion
|
|
|
estrogen
|
hormone that stimulates mammary duct development
|
|
|
16
|
the optimum number of daylight hours for maximum milk yield
|
|
|
300 to 500
|
parts blood must pass through the udder to produce one part milk
|
|
|
mule foot
|
is also known as syndactylism
|
|
|
predicted transmitting ability type
|
is the abbreviation for PTAT
|
|
|
displaced abomasum
|
casting is used as temporary treatment of
|
|
|
mange
|
also known as barn itch
|
|
|
heel flies
|
a cause of cattle grubs
|
|
|
Cryptosporidiosis
|
a zoonotic disorder that affects as many as 90% of dairy farms
|
|
|
Babcock
|
test for determination of BF% in milk
|
|
|
1890
|
the year the Babcock test was developed
|
|
|
California
|
state that produces the most milk (total pounds)
|
|
|
Wisconsin
|
the state with the largest number of dairy cows
|
|
|
Milking shorthorn
|
also called Illawara
|
|
|
White muscle disease
|
caused by a deficiency of Vitamin E or Se in dairy calves
|
|
|
Mad Cow Disease
|
another name for BSE
|
|
|
Aflatoxin
|
molds that develop on feed that produce toxins
|
|
|
oxytocin
|
hormone that stimulates milk letdown
|
|
|
epinephrine
|
hormone that counteracts milk letdown
|
|
|
BST (Bovine somatotropin)
|
hormone that stimulates an increase of up to 20% more milk with only 5% more feed
|
|
|
rotary
|
another name for carousel-type milk barn
|
|
|
artificial insemination
|
the recommended breeding method for dairy cattle
|
|
|
anthelmintic
|
an agent that destroys worms in the digestive tract
|
|
|
genetic correlation
|
tendency of two or more traits that vary in the same direction or in opposite directions due to common forces or influences
|
|
|
claw
|
a chamber that connects the four teat cups to the milk line
|
|
|
ME (Mature Equivalent)
|
the standardization of lactation records to the level of yield that would have been attained by each cow if it had been a mature cow and calved in the month of the year of highest calving frequency for its breed
|
|
|
Shipping Fever
|
disease characterized by pneumonia or septicemia. The highest incidence occurs in animals subjected to stress
|
|
|
Ketosis
|
also known as acetonemia
|
|
|
Johne's Disease
|
disease that causes chronic diarrhea and weight loss resulting from infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium paratuberculosis
|
|
|
Red Water Disease
|
also known as bacillary hemoglobinuria
|
|
|
Certified Semen Services
|
CSS stands for
|
|
|
Tuberculosis
|
caused by Mycobacterium bovis
|
|
|
Vesicular Stomatitis
|
viral disorder that causes lesions indistinguishable from those of foot-and-mouth disease
|
|
|
Vibriosis
|
known as bovine genital campylobacteriosis
|
|
|
Pinkeye
|
the common name for infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
|
|
|
Malignant Edema
|
also called gas gangrene
|
|
|
Mad Cow Disease
|
common name for bovine spongiform encephalopathy
|
|
|
Lumpy Jaw
|
caused by Actinomycosis bovis
|
|
|
MAT
|
the most commonly used test for diagnosis of leptospirosis in cattle
|
|
|
foot rot
|
common name for interdigital phlegmon
|
|
|
prolaction
|
primary milk secretion hormone
|
|
|
Anthrax
|
fatal disease with spores that can live in the soil for more than 60 years
|
|
|
Anaplasmosis
|
fatal protozoan disease of cattle that destroys red blood cells, causing anemia and death
|
|
|
101.5
|
normal rectal temperature of a dairy cow
|
|
|
Pulsator
|
mechanism that permits alternating vacuum and atmospheric pressure to exist between the teat cup and liner shell
|
|
|
Hardware Disease
|
also known as traumatic gastritis
|
|
|
Body condition score
|
used regularly to evaluate where an individual cow stands in body condition relative to the ideals for its stage of lactation
|
|
|
land grant universities
|
established colleges of agriculture in each state
|
|
|
DIP (degraded intake protein)
|
intake crude protein that is broken down by microorganisms in the rumen
|
|
|
milk urea nitrogen
|
MUN is the abbreviation for
|
|
|
Bloat
|
common name for ruminal tympany
|
|
|
puncturing the rumen with a trocar
|
should only be used as a last resort for the treatment of ruminal tympany
|
|
|
Goiter
|
caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet
|
|
|
Grass tetany
|
caused by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet
|
|
|
milk fever
|
disorder prevented by the use of DCADs
|
|
|
X Disease
|
also known as hyperkeratosis
|
|
|
TPI (type production index)
|
the Holstein Association uses this as a method of ranking bulls on their overall performance
|
|
|
Hairy foot warts
|
the common name for papillomatous digital dermatitis
|
|
|
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
|
also known as red nose
|
|
|
Brucellosis
|
one of the most commonly diagnosed viruses in bovine abortion cases and is easily prevented with vaccination and improved sanitation
|
|
|
Cattle grubs
|
caused by the heel fly
|
|
|
Lice
|
wingless, flattened insects
|
|
|
lice
mange mites |
two reportable external parasites common to dairy and beef cattle
|
|
|
roundworms
|
common name for nematodes
|
|
|
liver flukes
|
example of a trematode
|
