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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lexical Cohesion |
Puts together |
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Discourse |
The overall structure of a text
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Grammar |
The structure of units of language no longer than a sentence.
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Graphology
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The visual appearance of language
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Lexis
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The words, phrases and idiom of language.
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Phonology
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The sound of language.
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Pragmatics
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The particular meanings conveyed by language in specific context.
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Semantics |
The meaning of language.
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Acronyms |
Words composed from the initial letters of words they represent. E.g. AIDS; LA; ID
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Lexical Field |
A group of words with similar meanings |
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Complex Sentence |
A sentence with subordinate clauses |
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A Clause |
Part of a sentence that is separated by punctuation |
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Anaphoric |
Referencing back to an already stated lexical item i.e The PRIME MINISTER spent his day in office and at 3pm HE left downing street. |
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Modifier |
Adds more information |
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Antonyms
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Words of opposite meanings. Eg fat/thin
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Synonyms |
Words with similar meanings. Eg fast/quick |
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Fronting |
When a clause is moved to the front of a sentence |
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Blends |
Words that have been formed together. Eg 'brunch' |
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Clipping |
A colloquial way of talking where words are shortened E.g 'Flu' or 'Prof' |
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Cohesion |
A measure of how well a text fits together as a whole, its internal logic and construction
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Collocation |
Phrases which consist of words you expect to be linked E.g Fish and Chips |
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Deixis |
Deictic words are orientation words that locate precisely what is being talked about E.g 'This here' and 'That there'
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Discollocation |
Where the expected collocation is not met |
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Dysphemism
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A harsh 'to the point' term expression of a delicate subject e.g HE'S DEAD as opposed to He passed away. |
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Elision |
The missing out a sound in a sentence 'We are goin' |
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Ellipses
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The missing out of a word or words in a sentence E.g 'Where you going?'
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Euphemism
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A socially acceptable word or phrase used to avoid talking about something potentially distasteful. E.g 'The powder room'
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Embedding
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The clause within a sentence; where one piece of information is embedded in another ' The man WHO LIVES NEXT DOOR is very friendly'
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Hedges
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Words of phrases used to indicate a degree of uncertainty or tentativeness e.g possibly, maybe
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Idioms
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Phrases where the meaning is not derived from the meaning of the individual words E.g 'drink up'
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Intensifiers
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These are adverbs which intensify the meaning of a word e.g He was VERY good, I REALLY, REALLY like it
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Jargon
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Specialist language, particular to the specific subject of the text. E.g in a car advertisement '140mph''
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Malapropism |
The misuse of words which sound similar, 'there cat' instead of 'their cat' |
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Minimal responses |
Short utterances made in response to a speaker E.g 'mm', 'yes', 'I see', 'Oh' |
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Mode
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The medium of communication (e.g speech or writing) |
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Morpheme
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The smallest unit of grammatical meaning
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Negation
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The process of using lexical elements used to form negative structures e.g 'not', 'no', ' never' |
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Neologisms |
New words introduced into the language e.g IPOD or BLOG |
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Oxymoron |
Two words of opposite meaning and association placed together for effect e.g HOLY SINNER
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Paralinguistic features
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Gestures and facial expressions which contribute to the communication of meaning.
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Parallelism
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The repetition of a pattern or structure in related words of phrases e.g your english teacher thinks your'e a fool, your maths teacher thinks your'e a fool and you french teacher thinks you're a fool' |
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Parataxis
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A list where nouns or clauses can be linked without conjunctions e.g ' he packed a torch, a map, a compass and a gun' |
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Compound Sentence |
Two or more sentences that have been combined together |
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Auxiliary Verbs |
'Helping verbs' in front of the main verb |
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Post modification |
A modifying phrase that occurs after the head noun in a noun phrase e.g John kicked the ball badly |
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Pre modification |
A modifying phrase that occurs before the head noun in a noun phrase e.g the LUXURIOUS EXPENSIVE restaurant |
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Prosodic features
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Vocal elements of spoken language e.g tone pitch and volume
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Quantifiers |
Words which express quantity e.g 'all', 'some', ' every' 'much' |
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Register
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A variety of language appropriate to a particular purpose and context. The formality of a text. |
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Tautology
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Unnecessary repetition e.g I, myself, personally did it |
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Participles |
A word formed from a verb as a past participle |
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Dialectology |
Study of language variation |
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Agenda |
Topics covered by the discourse |
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Vulgarism |
Impolite language |
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Accent |
Pronunciation of words |
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Denotation |
A straight forward meaning |
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Initalism |
Individual letters that are used and said |
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Coordinating Conjunction |
FANBOYS - for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so |
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Compunding |
When 2 words are formed together. Eg 'superman'. DIFFERENT TO BLENDS! |
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Interpersonal Language |
Language used to build relationships |
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Functional Language |
Language used to get things done |
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A Head Word |
The main word in a sentence |
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Orator |
A public speaker |
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Common Nouns |
Types of people, places and feelings. Eg city, man, team |
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Dialect |
Variety of language with distinctive features of vocabulary, grammar and sometimes accent |
