As 501 Chp. 5: Dairy Industry

Front 1

4 leading states in milk production

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California, Wisconsin, New York, Pennsylvania

Front 2

the Ayrshire breed is colored ____ and white

Back 2

red

Front 3

the dairy breed which is used mostly veal and milk

Back 3

Holstein (?)

Front 4

dairy breed with the highest fat %

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Jersey

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dairy breed with the golden yellow color to its milk

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Guernsey

Front 6

oldest breed of dairy cattle

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Brown Swiss

Front 7

milking cows are usually milked ____ days and "dried up" ___ days before the next lactation

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305, 60

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cows are usually rebred ____ days after calving

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400 days

Front 9

the ______ is used by all dairy breed associations as the standard for judging and classifying cattle

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Diary Cow Unified Score Card

Front 10

the main points of a dairy cow and their respective points (in judging) are:

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a. frame = 15 pts.
b. dairy character = 20 pts.
c. udder = 40 pts.
d. feet & legs = 15 pts.
e. body capacity = 10 pts.

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the mammary system of a cow is divided into ____ independent parts

Back 11

4

Front 12

milk is actually secreted in grape-like structures called _____

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alveoli

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period of non-lactation between 2 periods of lactation

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dry

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an association which dairy farmers join to participate in their record-keeping and management plans and is operated jointly by the USDA and state colleges of agriculture of land-grant universities

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DHIA= Dairy Herd Improvement Association

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the adjustment of milk with different fat %s to equivalent amounts on an energy basis

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FCM= Fat- Corrected Milk

Front 16

an infertile female calf born co-twin to a bull

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freemartin

Front 17

metabolic disease characterized by excessive ketone body formation

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Ketosis

Front 18

naturally hornless

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polled

Front 19

count of these cells helps determine inflammation of the mammary gland

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somatic cells

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diarrhea

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scours

Front 21

physical conformation of an animal

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type

Front 22

causes Undulant Fever in humans

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Brucellosis

Front 23

method of feeding cows aimed at finding their potential to secrete milk and used to prevent metabolic shortage in energy

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challenge feeding

Front 24

the circumference of the body just back shoulders of an animal. used to estimate body weight

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barrel heart girth

Front 25

age conversion formulas applied to milk production records of young cows to compare their milk yield with more mature cows

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mature equivalent

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parturient paresis

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Milk Fever

Front 27

describes an animal having a crooked hock, which causes the lower part of the leg to be bent forward out of a normal perpendicular straight line

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Sickle (?)

Front 28

most common treatment for milk fever

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calcium gluconate

Front 29

most common limiting nutrient for high milk yield

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energy

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# of dairy cows in the US

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9.2 million

Front 31

rolling herd average for US dairy herd

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21,189

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the nation with the highest-producing dairy cows

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Israel

Front 33

world's record/cow/year for milk yield (in lbs.)

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70,000 lbs.

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is the most important type trait in a dairy cow

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udders (?)

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hormone that stimulates milk secretion

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prolactin

Front 36

hormone that stimulates mammary duct development

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estrogen

Front 37

optimum daylight hours for maximum milk yield

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16

Front 38

parts blood must pass through the udder to produce 1 part milk

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300-500

Front 39

Syndactylism

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Mule foot

Front 40

PTAT

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Predicted Transmitting Ability Traits

Front 41

casting is used as a temporary treatment of this disorder

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displaced abomasum

Front 42

"barn-itch"

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Mange

Front 43

cause of cattle grubs

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heel flies laying eggs

Front 44

a zoonotic disorder affecting as many as 90% of dairy farms by this parasitic organism

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Cryptosporidosis

Front 45

test for determining % butter fat in milk

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Babcock

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year the Babcock test was developed

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1890

Front 47

state producing the most milk (total lbs.)

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California

Front 48

state with the largest # of dairy cows

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Wisconsin

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Illawara

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Milking Shorthorn

Front 50

caused by a deficiency of Vitamin or selenium in dairy calves

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White Muscle Disease (WMD)

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another name for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

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Mad Cow Disease

Front 52

molds which develop on feed-producing toxins

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aflatoxins (?) mycotoxins (?)

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hormone that stimulates milk letdown

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oxytocin

Front 54

hormone that counteracts milk letdown

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ephinephrine

Front 55

hormone that stimulates an increase of up to 20% more milk with only 5% more feed

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Bovine Somatotropin (BST)

Front 56

another name for a carousel type milk barn

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rotary

Front 57

recommended breeding method for dairy cattle

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A.I. (artificial insemination)

Front 58

agent which destroys worms in the digestive tract

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anthelmintics

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tendency of 2 or more traits to vary in the same direction or in opposite directions due to common forces or influences

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correlation

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a chamber that connects the 4 teat cups to the milk line

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claw

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standardization of lactation records to the level yield that would have been attained by each cow if she had been a mature cow and calved in the month of the year of highest calving frequency for her breed

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TSI (?) Transition Cow Index

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disease characterized by pneumonia, or septicemia. the highest incidence occurs in animals subjected to stress

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Shipping Fever

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also known as acetonemia

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Ketosis

Front 64

disease causing chronic diarrhea, weight loss resulting from infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

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Johne's Disease

Front 65

aka as Bacillary Hemoglobinuria

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Red Water Disease

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CSS

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Certified Semen Services

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is caused by Mycobacterium bovis

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Tuberculosis

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a viral disorder that causes lesions indistinguishable from those of Foot and Mouth Disease

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Vesicular Stomatitis

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aka Bovine genital Campylobacteriosis

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Vibriosis

Front 70

common name for infection bovine keratoconjunctivitis

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Pinkeye

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aka gas gangrene

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Malignant Edema

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the common name for Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy

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Mad Cow Disease

Front 73

is caused by Actinomycosis bovis

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Lumpy Jaw

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is the most commonly used test for diagnosis of Leptospirosis in cattle

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MAT= Microscopic Agglutination Test

Front 75

common name for Interdigital Phlegmon

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Foot Rot

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primary milk secretion hormone

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prolactin

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spores from this fatal disease can live in the soil for more than 60 years

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Anthrax

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a fatal protozoan disease of cattle that destroys the red blood cells, causing anemia and death

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Anaplasmosis

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normal rectal temperature of a dairy cow

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101.5° F

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the mechanism that permits alternating vacuum and atmospheric pressure to exist between the teat cup liner and shell

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pulsator

Front 81

aka Traumatic Gastritis

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Hardware Disease

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used to regularly evaluate where an individual cow stands in body condition relative to ideals for her stage of lactation

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body condition score

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established colleges of agriculture in every state

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Land Grant Act

Front 84

intake crude protein that is broken down by microorganisms in the rumen

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DIP= Degraded Intake Protein

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MUN

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Milk Urea Nitrogen

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common name for Ruminal Tympany

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Bloat

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should only be used as a last resort for the treatment of bloat

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trocar/cannula

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caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet

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Goiter

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caused by a deficiency of magnesium in the diet

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grass tetany

Front 90

uses DCADs to minimize incidence of this disorder

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milk fever/parturient paresis

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aka Hyperkeratosis

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X Disease

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The Holstein Association uses ____ as a method of ranking bulls on their overall performance

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TSI= Type Production Index

Front 93

common name for Syndactylism

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Mule Foot

Front 94

common name for Papillomatous digital dermatitis

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Hairy Foot Warts

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aka Red Nose

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BHV = Bovine Herpes Virus

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one of the most commonly diagnosed viruses in bovine abortion cases and easily prevented with vaccination and improved sanitation

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BVDV= Bovine Viral Diarrhea

Front 97

caused by the heel fly

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cattle grubs

Front 98

wingless, flattened insects

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lice

Front 99

2 reportable external parasites common to dairy and beef cattle

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sarcoptic scabies
saroptic mange

Front 100

common name for Nematodes

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roundworms

Front 101

an example of a Trematode

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liver fluke