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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Synarthrosis
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immoveable joint
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amphiarthrosis
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semimoveable joint
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diarthrosis
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moveable joint
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Fibrous joints
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fibrous CT joins the bones
no joint cavity present most are immoveable |
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Cartilaginous joints
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no cavity present
cartilage joins bones some synarthrosis or amphiarthrosis |
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Synovial Joints
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bone seperated by fluid filled joint cavity
-all diarthroses |
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Sutures (Fibrous)
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bones of the skull-very short CT Fibers
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synostosis
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when growth is finished, the intramembranous ossification is completed and all of the CT is replaced by bone
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Syndesmoses (Fibrous)
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-bones joined by a ligament or sheet of dense regular CT
-distal articulations of the tibia and fibula and the joing along the length of the radius and ulna |
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Gomphoses
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-joint between tooth and mandible or maxilla
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Synchondroses
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bones joined by a plate of hyaline cartilage
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Symphyses
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surface of each bone is covered in hyaline cartilage, between these layers is a pad of resilient fibrocartilage
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3 types of reinforcing ligaments
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-thickened areas of fibrous capsule
-seperate ligaments inside or outside of capsule |
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Three major factors of stability
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-fit of articulation surfaces
-ligaments -muscle tone |
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plane joints
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gliding, nonaxial
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hinge joints
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uiniaxial angular
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pivot joints
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uniaxial rotation
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condyloid joints
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biaxial angular
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saddle joints
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biaxial angular
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ball and socket joint
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multiaxial angular and rotation
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Sprains
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-ligaments reinforcing joint are stretched/torn
-lumbar region of spine, ankle, and knee are most common sprain sites |
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Cartilage Injuries
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-meniscus of knee most commonly torn
-cartilage is avascular, so normally stays torn |
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Dislocations
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-bones forced out of alignment
-usually accompanied by sprains, inflammation, joint immobilization -reduced: placed back in alignment repeat dislocations occur because tendons and ligaments have been stretched |
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Bursitis
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inflamation of bursa and is usually caused by a blow/friction
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Tendonitis
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inflammation of tendon sheaths, usually caused by overuse
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Osteoarthritis
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-most common type of chronic arthritis
-"wear and tear" -cartilage that lines the joints is slowly destroyed -exposed bone can start to form bony spurs that can restrict joint movement -slow, irreversible disease |
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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-autoimmune disease, with the body attacking the tissue of the joint creating inflammation
-acute pain --> remision |
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Gouty Arthritis
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-caused by buildup of uric acid in joints
-uric acid crystals are deposited in soft tissue of joint, leads to inflamation -left untreated bones may fuse together |
