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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF JOINTS
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to allow for some freedom of movement
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HOW ARE JOINTS HELD TOGETHER
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a. shape and size of articular surfaces
b. gravity c. soft tissue (skin & fascia) d. liagments e. muscle & tendons |
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WHAT ARE THE CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS
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a. based on degree of mobility
b. based on structure of joints |
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WHAT IS SYNARTHROSIS
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immovable
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WHAT IS AMPHIARTHROSIS
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slightly movable
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WHAT IS DIARTHROSIS
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freely movable
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WHAT IS SYNDESMOSIS & GIVE EXAMPLE
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two bones seperated by a space yet connected by fibrous ct (usually a ligament)
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ex: distal tibiofibular joint
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WHAT IS SUTURES & GIVE EXAMPLE
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closely adjacent bones, connected by dense fibrous connective tissue
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a. serrate: tooth like
ex: sagittal b. squamosal: flat/overlapping ex: squamosal c. plane: square ex: intermaxilla d. synostosis: fused joint ex: spenoidal occipital |
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WHAT IS GOMPHOSIS
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peg & socket the articulation between the roots of all teeth and the alveoli of the mandible and maxilla
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HOW MANY STRUCTURES OF JOINTS ARE THERE
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a. fibrous joints
b. cartilagenous joints c. synovial joints |
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WHAT IS CARTILAGENOUS JOINTS
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bones are joined by cartilage
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WHAT IS SYMPHYSIS & GIVE EXAMPLE
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(grown together) fibrocartilage
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ex: pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs, mental symphysis, manubriosternal, xiphisternal
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WHAT IS SYNCHONDROSIS & GIVE EXAMPLE
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(syn = with, condros = cartilage) hyaline
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ex: temporary - epiphysial plates, permanent - first sternocostal joint
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WHAT IS IN SYNOVIAL JOINTS & WHAT DOES IT DO
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a. fibrous capsule surrounds joints creating a joint cavity
b. certain portion of the cavity are lined with synovium which secretes an oily fluid synovial fluid as a lubricant c. some synovial joints have fibrocartilagenous discs (pads) which further protect articular surfaces |
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SYNOVIAL JOINTS ARE BROKEN DOWN IN FOUR JOINTS, WHAT ARE THEY
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a. gliding or plane joints
b. uniaxial joints c. biaxial joints d. multiaxial joints |
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WHAT IS GLIDING OR PLANE JOINTS
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articular surfaces are small & flat tend to glide across neighboring bone
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ex: intercarpal, intertarsal, articular facets of vertebrae, acromioclavicular joints
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WHAT IS UNIAXIAL JOINTS
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one plane of action
a. hinge: bone move at right angles to each other b. pivotal: rotation around long axis |
a. ex: humeroulnar
b. ex: radioulnar (proximal) |
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WHAT IS BIAXIAL JOINTS
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two planes of action
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ex: metacarpal phalangeal, metatarsal phalangeal, humeroradial, first carpometacarpal
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WHAT IS MULTIAXIAL JOINTS
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many planes in action, greatest freedom of motion
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ex: ball and socket of glenohumeral and hip joint
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WHAT IS A BURSAE
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a closed fibrous sac that is filled with synovial fluid
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used as a cushion between structures
ex: tendons, ligaments, bone, skin |
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WHAT IS A HERNIATED DISCS
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(slipped disc) nucleus pulposus of dics penetrates through fibrous cortex and presses against spinal nerve
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WHAT IS AN ACUTE SCIATIC
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referred as a pain down the back of the leg
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WHAT HOLDS THE KNEE JOINT TOGETHER
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held in place by two sets of ligaments, the collaterals medial & lateral and the cruxiates anterior and posterior
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WHAT DOES THE FIBROCARTILAGENOUS DISCS DO
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the medial and the lateral menisci provide buffer between condyles
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WHAT DOES IT MEAN IF YOU HAVE WATER ON THE KNEE
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build up of synovial fluid
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WHAT IS THE ROLE OF AN OPPOSABLE THUMB
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importance of joint design to manipulation of objects
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