Arterial Evaluation

Front 1

Pain in the muscles occuring during excercise but subsiding wiht rest. Inadequate blood supply to the existing muscle.

Back 1

Claudication

Front 2

Suggests aortoiliac disease

Back 2

Buttock Claudication

Front 3

Suggests distal external iliac/common femoral

Back 3

Thigh Claudication

Front 4

A more severe symptom of diminished blood flow to the most distal portion of the extremity. Pain at rest, usually occurs when the limb is not in a dependent position.

Back 4

Ischemic rest pain

Front 5

Ischemic rest pain symptoms occur where?

Back 5

Forefoot,heel toes NOT CALF

Front 6

Usually due to deficient or absent blood supply?

Back 6

Tissue loss, necrosis, tissue death

Front 7

Acute arterial occlusion symptoms

Back 7

Pain,pallor pulselessness,paraesthesia,paralysis,palor,purplish

Front 8

Cold sensitivity symptoms

Back 8

Changes in color such as pallor,cyanisis,rubor

Front 9

Symptoms of intermittent ischemia of the fingers or toes occur in response to cold exposure as well as emotional stress.

Back 9

Raynauds Phenomenom

Front 10

Insoluble in water,elevated plasma lipids are closely associated with the development of artherosclerosis

Back 10

Hyperlipidemia

Front 11

Contributing factors to artherosclerotic process

Back 11

Diabetes,hyperdipidemia,smoking,age,family hx, male gender

Front 12

Thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries. Changes occur in the intima and media layer.

Back 12

Artherosclerosis,arteriosclerosis obliterans

Front 13

Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Back 13

smoking,hyperlipidemia,family hx

Front 14

Atherosclerosis most commonly occurs where

Back 14

Carotid Bifurcation

Front 15

Caused by obstruction of the terminal aorta, usually occurs in males and is characterized by fatigue in hips, thighs or calves on excercising absence of pulsation in femoral artery

Back 15

Leriche syndrome

Front 16

Obstruction of a blood vessel by a foreign substance or blood clot, may be solid, liquid or gaseous and may rise from the body or may enter from without

Back 16

embolisim

Front 17

Most common cause of embolism

Back 17

Plaque breaking loose and traveling distally until it gets lodged in a small vessel

Front 18

Types of aneurysm

Back 18

True,Dissecting, Pseudo

Front 19

Includes all 3 layers of the vessel wall

Back 19

True

Front 20

Most common location of true aneurysm

Back 20

Infarenal aorta (but can be in any artery in the body)

Front 21

Causes of aneurysm

Back 21

Unknown but may include, poor arterial nutrition, Congential defects, infection atherosclerosis,trauma, iatrogenic injury

Front 22

Different types of aneurysm

Back 22

fusiform,saccular,concentric

Front 23

Localized out-pouching of artery, resulting from wall thinning and stretching

Back 23

Saccular aneurysm

Front 24

Diffuse circumferential dilation of an artery

Back 24

fusiform

Front 25

Occurs when asmall tear of the intima allows blood flow to form a cavity b/w 2 wall layers most often occurs in thoracic aorta

Back 25

dissecting aneurysm

Front 26

A pulsating hematoma a hole in the arterial wall permits blood to escape under pressure into tissue

Back 26

psuedoaneurysm

Front 27

Causes of pseudoaneurysm

Back 27

insertion of catheter, dialysis,trauma, or any puncture to vessel

Front 28

Inflammation of the arterial wall,often results in thrombis of the vessel and can affect tibial and peroneal arteris as well as the smaller distal vessels

Back 28

arteries

Front 29

most common form of arteritis

Back 29

buerger's disease AKA thromboangitis

Front 30

Congenital narrowing of stricture of the thoracic aorta that may affect the abdominal
aorta as well

Back 30

-coarctation of aorta

Front 31

Clinical findings of coarctation of aorta

Back 31

-HTN due to decreased kidney perfusion or manifestations of lower ext ischemia,
decreased pulses, and pressures

Front 32

Where is coarctation of the aorta normally seen

Back 32

-just after the arch

Front 33

The media is weakened, the intima develops a tear through which blood leaks into the
false lumen

Back 33

-dissection artery

Front 34

Dissection artery distinguishing feature

Back 34

-the thin membrane that divides the arterial lumen into two compartments

Front 35

Complications of a dissecting aorta

Back 35

-dissection enlarges, there is a risk of significant stenosis and or occlusion of the
main artery

Front 36

Symptoms of vasospastic disorder/cold sensitivity

Back 36

-changes in skin color; palor, cyanosis, rubor, pain

Front 37

Two types of Raynaud’s phenomenon

Back 37

-primary (idiopathic), secondary

Front 38

Intermittent digital ischemia caused by digital arterial spasm, common in young women,
may be hereditary

Back 38

-primary raynaud’s

Front 39

Consists of normal vasoconstrictive responses of the arterioles on a fixed obstruction.
Ischemia is constantly present

Back 39

-secondary raynaud’s

Front 40

Caused by compression of the popliteal artery by the medial head of the gastrocnemius
muscle or fibrous bands, usually young men and bilateral
Pop artery is most commonly written about

Back 40

-entrapment syndromes

Front 41

Ulcerations as a result of arterial insufficiency are usually deep and regular in shape,
often over the tibial area and painful compared to venous ulcerations

Back 41

-lesions

Front 42

Tissue death, absent blood supply and smelly

Back 42

-gangrene

Front 43

Palpable vibration or thrill over a pulse may indicate?

Back 43

-fistula, poststenotic turbulence, or patent dialysis graft

Front 44

Low frequency sound heard on auscultation, can be from stenosis or valves

Back 44

-bruits

Front 45

In cases of severe stenosis, usually greater than 90% diameter reduction **bruit
disappears**

Back 45

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