Art Mediums & Materials

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media/ medium

Back 1

material used to make art. Plural is media.
*Example- In painting the medium is the type or paint not the paintbrush.

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shading

Back 2

the use of light and dark lines to give the feeling of depth and texture.

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drawing

Back 3

Process of moving an instrument over a smooth surface to leave a mark. Typically the first step in producing artwork. Sometimes drawing is the finished work.

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Drawing Media

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graphite pencils, colored pencils, crayons, colored markers, pens, pastels, & chalk.

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Painting

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The process of applying color to a surface using tools such as a brush, a painting knife, a roller or even your fingers.

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Painting Media

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Oil Based- Linseed oil binder and turpentine solvent.

Water-soluble Paint
-watercolor uses gum arabic as a binder and water as a solvent.
- Also Tempera & Acrylic Paint

Acrylic Paint, Watercolor Paint, Fresco, Tempera Paint, India Ink.

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Pigments

Back 7

finely ground colored powders.

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Binder

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material that holds together the grains of pigment.
Ex. Egg yolks, linseed oil, wax.

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Solvent

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a liquid that controls the thickness or the thinness of the paint.
Also used to clean paintbrushe

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Printmaking

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A Process in which an artist repeatedly transfers an original image from one prepared surface to another.

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Print

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the impression created on a surface by the printing plate.

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Printing Plate

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the original image created in printmaking process.

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Reproduction

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a copy of a work of art

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Edition

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all the prints made from the same plate or set of plates- written as 1/20 where 1 is the number of the print and 20 is the total number of prints created.

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Brayer

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roller with a handle used to spread ink on printing plate.

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Relief Printing

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the artist cuts away the sections of the plate that are not meant to show ink.

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Intaglio

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the artist cuts or etches design on surface- ink is forced into the design and excess is wiped off leaving ink in the valleys of the cuts only. The final paper is pressed to the plate and picks up ink from depressions.

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Lithography

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The artist draws on limestone, zinc or aluminum with a greasy pencil/ crayon which attracts ink. After drawing the design the artist uses an ink repelling solution to etch the areas that should remain black.

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Screen Printing

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A stencil of a design is created and attached to screen. Screen is laid across final product and ink is forced through the screen leaving the areas blocked by the stencil free of ink.

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Sculpture

Back 20

a three dimensional work of art

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Sculpture Media

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clay, glass, plastics, wood, stone, and metal.

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Sculpture in the round

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a freestanding sculpture where the viewer can walk entirely around the sculpture

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Relief Sculpture

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sculpture projects into space from a flat background. Viewed from one side.

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Modeling

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a soft pliable material (i.e. clay, wax, and plaster)is built up and shaped.
Additive Technique

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Carving

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a solid mass of material is cut, chipped, drilled away to reveal sculpture
Subtractive Technique

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Casting

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molten metal or another substance is poured into a mold and allowed to harden reveal the exact opposite of mold. Similar to printmaking in that it allows for multiple exact reproductions
Additive Technique

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Assembling

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A variety of materials are gathered and joined using welding, gluing, sewing, knotting, etc.
Also called constructing.
Additive Technique

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Crafts

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The processes of creating one of a kind hand made objects.

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Fine Art

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an art object that is solely decorative.
Ex. Paintings, Sculptures,

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Applied Art

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an art object that has a purpose or function as well as being visually pleasing.
Ex. Woven baskets, Fabrics, Quilts, Ceramic Vases/ Plates etc.

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Craft Media

Back 31

clay, glass, wood, fiber, and metal used to make plates, cups, vases, jars, furniture, containers, jewelry etc.

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The Processes of Crafts

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Clay- modeled, craved, assembled, thrown on potter's wheel
Glass- mold made or blown
Wood- carving, assembling, turning on a rotating lathe, bending
Fibers- woven, embroidered, sewn, quilted.
Metal- hammered, filed, assembled, soldering (melted together),

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Architecture

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the planning and creation of buildings.
Is both an applied and a fine art.

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Architecture Media

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Wood, Mud, Brick, Animal Skins, Ice, Metal, Stone, Concrete,

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Photography

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The technique of capturing optical images on light sensitive surfaces.

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Media of Photography

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Daguerreotype, Negatives, Digital

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Film

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The process of recording stories, events, etc. Can exist with or without color & sound.

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Media of Film

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Celluloid

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Video

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The process of recording and storing images and sounds as magnetic impulse.

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Analog System

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a system that uses electromagnetic energy to imprint both sound and pictures

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Digital System

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a system that processes words and images directly as numbers or digits.

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Computer Art Tools

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Paint Programs, Draw Programs, Digital Cameras, Stylus and graphics tablet, Scanner,