Art History Exam One Flashcards

Front 1

Sculpture in the Round

Back 1

A sculpture or work of art that you can freely walk around.

Front 2

High Relief Sculpture

Back 2

Detail of the work prominently stick out.

Front 3

Low Relief Sculpture

Back 3

Details of the work are not very prominent or not protruding from the work.

Front 4

Sunken Relief Sculpture

Back 4

The details of the work look almost as if they were carved into the work.

Front 5

Twisted Perspective

Back 5

Technique an artist uses to try and show every aspect of a work of art.

Front 6

Post and Lintel

Back 6

A structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a horizontal beam (lintel)
STONEHENGE

Front 7

Henge

Back 7

A circular area, often containing a circle of stones or sometimes wooden posts, dating back to the Neolithic and Bronze Ages.

Front 8

Megaliths

Back 8

A very large stone used in various prehistoric architectures.

Front 9

Ziggurat

Back 9

A temple tower of the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians, having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receeding stories.

Front 10

Bent-Axis Approach

Back 10

Indirect access to prevent invaders from destroying artifacts and other things.

Front 11

Hieratic Style

Back 11

Using the size of a figure in a work of art to signify importance.

Front 12

Cuneiform

Back 12

One of the worlds first systems of writing, began in Sumeria.

Front 13

Stele

Back 13

Ancient burial stone.

Front 14

Citadel

Back 14

A wall or barrier surrounding a city or building.

Front 15

Necropolis

Back 15

A large ancient cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments.

Front 16

Sarcophagus

Back 16

A tomb or coffin used by the Egyptians and many others.

Front 17

Mummification

Back 17

An ancient Egyptian ritual of preserving the dead.

Front 18

Stepped Pyramid

Back 18

An artchitechtural structure of that uses flat platforms, or steps, receding from the ground up, to achieve a completed similar to a geometric pyramid.

Front 19

Pyramid

Back 19

An ancient tomb shaped similar to a geometric pyramid.

Front 20

Rock Cut Tomb

Back 20

A burial chamber that is the cut into the living rock usually alongside of a hill.

Front 21

Pylon

Back 21

Greek term for a monumental gateway of an Egyptian temple. It consists of two tapering towers, each surmounted by a cornice, joined by a less elevated section which enclosed the entrance between them.

Front 22

Canon

Back 22

Supported by the work itself.

Front 23

Ka

Back 23

Egyptian word for spirit of a dead person.

Front 24

Hieroglyphs

Back 24

Characters used in ancient Egypt as a form of writing.

Front 25

Fresco-Secco

Back 25

A fresco painting technique in which pigments ground in water are tempered using egg yolk or whole egg mixed with water which are applied to plaster, that has been moistened using the temper, to simulate fresh plaster.

Front 26

Portico

Back 26

A porch leading to the entrance of a building, or extended as a colonnade, with a roof structure over a walkway, supported by columns or enclosed by walls.

Front 27

Vestibule

Back 27

An antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door of a building.

Front 28

Hypostyle Haul

Back 28

A roof supported by columns on either side creating a hall like structure.

Front 29

Caryatid

Back 29

A stone carving of a draped female figure, used as a pillar to support the entablature of a Greek or Greek-style building.

Front 30

Corbel Vault

Back 30

Uses this technique to support the superstructure of a buildings roof.

Front 31

Repousse

Back 31

Hammered into relief from the reverse side.

Front 32

Megaron

Back 32

Great hall of the Grecian palace complexes.

Front 33

Tholos

Back 33

A round building of classical Greek date and style.
A circular tomb or beehive shaped approached by a horizontal passage in the side of a hill.

Front 34

Dromos

Back 34

An avenue or passage leading into an ancient Greek temple or tomb, especially one between rows of columns or statues.

Front 35

Amphora

Back 35

A tall ancient Greek jar with two handles and a narrow neck.

Front 36

Amphora

Back 36

A tall ancient Greek jar with two handles and a narrow neck.

Front 37

Amphora

Back 37

A tall ancient Greek jar with two handles and a narrow neck.

Front 38

Krater

Back 38

A jar or vase having a large round body and a wide mouth, used for mixing wine and water.

Front 39

Lekythos

Back 39

A type of Greek pottery used for storing olive oil. It had a narrow body and one handle attached to the neck of the vessel.

Front 40

Contrsaposto

Back 40

An asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with while balancing those of the hips and legs.

Front 41

Cella

Back 41

The inner area of an ancient temple, especially one housing the hidden cult image in a Greek or Roman temple.

Front 42

Pronaos

Back 42

A vestibule at the front of a classical temple, enclosed by a portico and projecting sidewalls.

Front 43

Kouros

Back 43

A Greek, archaic, standing, often naked statue of a young man.

Front 44

Kore

Back 44

A Greek, archaic, standing statue of a women clothed in loose long robes.

Front 45

Doric

Back 45

Relating to a classical order of architecture characterized by a sturdy fluted column and a thick square abacus resting on a rounded molding.

Front 46

Ionic

Back 46

Type of columns that has volutes at the capital. Comes after Doric columns.

Front 47

Corinthian

Back 47

Type of column. Comes after Ionic.

Front 48

Pediment

Back 48

The triangular upper part of the front of a building in classical style, typically summounting a portico of columns.

Front 49

Triglyph

Back 49

Vertically channeled tablets of the Doric frieze.

Front 50

Metope

Back 50

A square space between triglyphs in a Doric frieze.

Front 51

Frieze

Back 51

a broad horizontal band of sculpted or painted decoration, especially in a wall near a ceiling.

Front 52

Entasis

Back 52

A slight convex curve in the shaft of a column, introduced to correct the visual illusion of concavity produced by a straight shaft.

Front 53

Column Capital

Back 53

The topmost part of a column.

Front 54

Column Shaft

Back 54

The tall part of a column.

Front 55

Column Base

Back 55

The bottom of a column.

Front 56

Volute

Back 56

Spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column.

Front 57

Acropolis

Back 57

City on a hill, usually protected by a citadel.

Front 58

Acropolis

Back 58

City on a hill, usually protected by a citadel.

Front 59

Black-Figure

Back 59

Style of vase painting in 6th and 7th centuries BC chiefly characterized by silhouetted figures painted in black slip on ah red clay body, details incised into the design, and a two-dimensional structure of form and space.

Front 60

Red-Figure

Back 60

Pertaining to or designating a style of vase painting developed in Greece in the latter part of the 6th and 5th centuries BC characterized chiefly by representations in red against a black-slip background, details painted in the design, and the introduction of three-dimensional illusion in the rendering of form and space.

Front 61

White-ground Pottery

Back 61

The vase is covered with a light or white slip of kaolinite.

Front 62

Brahma

Back 62

"The creator"

Front 63

Vishnu

Back 63

"The preserver"

Front 64

Vishnu

Back 64

"The preserver"

Front 65

Shiva

Back 65

"The destroyer"

Front 66

Samsara

Back 66

The process of coming into existence as a differentiated, mortal creature.

Front 67

Buddhism

Back 67

A religion originated in India by Buddha holding that life is full of suffering caused by desire and the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment that enables one to halt the endless sequence of births and deaths to which one is otherwise subject.

Front 68

Stupa

Back 68

A monumental pile of earth or other material, in memory of Buddha or a Buddhist saint, and commemorating some event or marking a sacred spot.

Front 69

Mandala

Back 69

A symbol representing the effort to reunify the self.

Front 70

Yakshi

Back 70

A class of generally benevolent nature spirits who are e the custodians of treasures that are hidden in the earth and in the roots of trees.

Front 71

Ushnisha

Back 71

Three dimensional oval at the top of the head of the Buddha. It symbolizes his attainment of reliance in the spiritual guide.

Front 72

Urna

Back 72

Spiral or circular dot placed on the forehead of Buddhist images as an auspicious mark.

Front 73

Elongated Earlobes

Back 73

A symbol of the heavy jewellery Buddha used to wear before h e achieved nirvanna

Front 74

Mudras

Back 74

Hand symbols of various Buddha statues

Front 75

Bodhisattva

Back 75

Enlightenment

Front 76

Legal ism

Back 76

Categorization of certain political-philosophical currents, reforms, persons, and writings from the Warring States, laws emphasized by the autocrat.

Front 77

Legalism

Back 77

Categorization of certain political-philosophical currents, reforms, persons, and writings from the Warring States, laws emphasized by the autocrat.

Front 78

Legalism

Back 78

Categorization of certain political-philosophical currents, reforms, persons, and writings from the Warring States, laws emphasized by the autocrat.

Front 79

Daoism

Back 79

A philosophical, ethical and religious tradition of Chinese origin that emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao

Front 80

Confucianism

Back 80

A system oh philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius institute and developed by Mencius.

Front 81

Silk Road

Back 81

A series of trade and cultural Transmissions routes that were central to cultural interactions through regions of the Asian continent.

Front 82

Pagoda

Back 82

A hindhu or Buddhist temple or sacred building.