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54 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Foundation of Rome by Romulus, the first king of Rome
753 BC
Octavian is adopted by Julius Caesar
45 BC
Death of Julius Caesar
44 BC
Octavian vows to build temple of Mars Ultor before battle of
Philippi, to defeat assassins of Julius Caesar
42 BC
Battle of Actium (in Greece), Octavian defeats Mark Anthony
31 BC
Octavian is given the title “Augustus” (“reverend”) by the
Senate. Augustus rules as “princeps” (“first citizen”) for forty-four
years.
27 BC
Great Fire of Rome under Nero
64 AD
Jewish Wars (Flavians)
70-71 AD
Fire in Campus Martius
80 AD
martyrdom of S. Prassede
2nd century
Fire damages and destroys many monuments in Roman Forum
requiring major rebuilding and restoration
283 AD
Diocletian (284-305) visits Rome
303 AD
Edict of Milan
313 AD
Constantine (306-337 AD) moves capitol of Roman Empire to
Constantinople
330 AD
Sack of Rome by Goths (Alaric)
410 AD
Council of Ephesus – Virgin Mary is declared “Mother of God”
(Greek = Theotokos; Latin = Deipara)
431 AD
Fall of Roman Empire (West)
476 AD
Theodoric addresses people of Rome in the Forum
500 AD
Rome becomes a Papal State
6th cen. AD
Pantheon is given to Papacy by Phocas
608 AD
Remains of S. Prassede transferred to her church from catacombs
822
Normans sack Rome
1088
Pontificate of Pope Paschal II
1099-1118
Popes live in Avignon, France, aka “Babylonian Captivity”
1305-1377
Pope returns to Rome
1378
Founding of the Capitoline Museums, under Pope Sixtus IV
1471
Julius II (Della Rovere) elected pope
1503 (-13)
Foundation stone laid (at crossing) for new S. Peter’s basilica
1506
Michelangelo paints Sistine Chapel ceiling
1508-12
Martin Luther posts 95-Theses (against the selling of
indulgences and relic worship) on the doors of church in Wittenberg,
Germany
1517
Death of Raphael (37)
1520
Sack of Rome
1527
Paul III (Farnese) elected pope
1534 (-49)
“dividing wall” erected to separate remaining half of old S.
Peter’s from the construction site of new S. Peter’s basilica
1538
Council of Trent, 25 sessions, church reform in response
to “Protestant heresies,” various topics, including the Mass,
transubstantiation, maintenance of churches and altars, veneration of
relics, and function of sacred art.
1545-1563
Michelangelo redesigns dome
1547
Michelangelo dies (88)
1564
The most “holy” Holy Year (“Anno Santo”) – under pope Gregory
XIII (Ludovisi)
1575
Dome of S. Peter’s finished (h: 136 m; diam: 41m)
1592
June 26 – High Altar of new S. Peter’s basilica consecrated
1594
Bernini born (in Naples)
1598
Flood of Rome – worst flood in recorded history
1598, December
Execution of Beatrice Cenci and family
1599
Holy Year
1600
Paul V (Borghese) elected pope
1605
Carlo Borromeo canonized
1610, November 1
Façade of new S. Peter’s completed
1612
“dividing wall” torn down; new nave connected with new crossing
of S. Peter’s basilica
1615
S. Teresa canonized
1622
Urban VIII (Barberini) elected pope
1623 (-44)
Holy Year
625
new S. Peter’s Basilica consecrated
1626
Innocent X (Pamphili) elected pope
1644 (-55)
Holy Year, following a major plague
1650