Art History

Front 1

large leaf conventionalized by Greeks for ornamental use, as in capital of Corinthian column

Back 1

Acanthus

Front 2

conventionalized honeysuckle or palm leaf ornament or pattern seen in Greek decoration

Back 2

Anthemion

Front 3

scroll and leaf pattern w/ sterns rising from root or other motif and branching in spiral forms; usually designed for vertical panel, and sides resemble each other (Rinceau – French term for scroll and leaf ornament, sometimes combined w/ cartouches or grotesque forms and applied to friezes, panels, or other architectural forms; usually a symmetrical horizontal composition)

Back 3

Arabesque

Front 4

lowest part of 3 principal divisions of classical entablature, corresponding to lintel; usually molded; directly supported by columns and supports the frieze; term is also used to define similar moldings used as door or window trim

Back 4

Architrave

Front 5

originally, the principal central room or courtyard of Roman house, w/ central opening in roof; later, the forecourt of an Early Christian basilica; now, an open space w/i a building or building complex

Back 5

Atrium

Front 6

semi-cylindrical in shape

Back 6

Barrel Vault

Front 7

ornamental sunken panel in ceiling, vault, or lower surface of an arch, beam, or other architectural feature

Back 7

Coffer

Front 8

in architecture, a variant of Corinthian order; capital resembles combination of Ionic volute placed above rows of Corinthian acanthus leaves

Back 8

Composite

Front 9

most elaborate, slender, and graceful of classical orders in architecture; capital is enriched w/ 2 rows of acanthus leaves

Back 9

Corinthian

Front 10

small square projecting block in a cornice, part of a series as in a molding

Back 10

Dentil

Front 11

oldest and simplest Greek order of architecture, also used by Romans

Back 11

Doric

Front 12

ornament used as molding decoration, consisting of ovoid forms separated by dart-like points

Back 12

Egg and Dart

Front 13

parallel concave grooves that are used to ornament a surface; in Classical architecture, they are commonly seen on shafts of columns and run in a vertical direction; spiral ... are frequently used on furniture supports; short ... are used as a frieze ornament

Back 13

Fluting

Front 14

surfaces and moldings of a Classical order of architecture, consisting of architrave, frieze, and cornice, and forming upper portion of order; portion of order supported by column

Back 14

Entablature

Front 15

in architecture, the central part of the Classical entablature, below the cornice and above the architrave; or a horizontal painted or sculpted panel; or a horizontal member beneath a table top

Back 15

Frieze

Front 16

granular crystalline rock of quartz, feldspar, and mica; hardest and most durable building stone

Back 16

Granite

Front 17

made by the intersection of 2 barrel vaults at right angles

Back 17

Groin Vault

Front 18

in ornament, a band or border running pattern having the appearance of overlapping or interlacing circular forms

Back 18

Guilloche

Front 19

one of the classical orders in architecture; characteristic feature of capital of column is spiral-shaped volute or scroll; standard proportion of Roman column is 9 diameters high

Back 19

Ionic

Front 20

space between triglyphs of a Doric entablature, often featuring a sculptured relief

Back 20

Metope

Front 21

hole cut in a piece of wood and intended to receive a tenon projecting from another piece of wood

Back 21

Mortise

Front 22

in carpentry, a projection at the end of a piece of wood intended to fit into a hole (mortise) of corresponding shape on another piece of wood

Back 22

Tenon

Front 23

recessed or hollow space in wall, intended to hold a statue or ornament

Back 23

Niche

Front 24

round window or roof opening

Back 24

Oculus

Front 25

originally the triangular shape following the roof line at each exterior end of Greek temple, accentuated by moldings of entablature; later the same treatment was used as an ornamental feature and varied in shape, having segmental, scroll, and broken forms

Back 25

Pediment

Front 26

flat-faced vertical projection from a wall, rectangular in plan but w/ general proportions, capital, and base of a column

Back 26

Pilaster

Front 27

colonnaded porch or walkway

Back 27

Portico

Front 28

building or room cylindrical in shape, usually topped w/ dome

Back 28

Rotunda

Front 29

stone blocks or steps that form lowest architectural feature of Greek temple and upon which columns stand

Back 29

Stylobate

Front 30

small cubes of stone, marble, or glass used in making a mosaic

Back 30

Tesserae

Front 31

construction in which the supporting members are the post and lintel, as distinct from arched construction

Back 31

Trabeated Construction

Front 32

blocks w/ vertical channels that are spaced at intervals between metopes on the frieze of the Doric entablature

Back 32

Triglyph

Front 33

literally, “fool the eye,” a French term for illusionistic painting or carving

Back 33

Trompe L’Oeil

Front 34

spiral, scroll-like form, as in Ionic and Corinthian capitals; a similar shape at the end of stair railing

Back 34

Volute

Front 35

in architecture, a wedge-shaped block used in construction of true arch; central ... is called Keystone

Back 35

Voussoirs